Sup and inf of constant function

Problem: Show that the constant function is integrable and find its value of integration.

Suppose \(f:\mathbb [a,b]\to \mathbb R\) such that \(f(x)=\lambda\) where \(\lambda\) is any constant. Let \(P\) be any partition on \([a,b]\), ie \[P=\left\{a=t_0<t_1<t_2\cdots< t_n=b\right\}\] then Upper Darboux sum and Lower Darboux sum we evaluate by U(f,P)=1knSup{f(x):x[tk1,tk]}(tktk1)L(f,P)=1kninf{f(x):x[tk1,tk]}(tktk1)U(f,P)=\sum_{1\leq k\leq n}\operatorname{Sup}\left\{f(x): x\in [t_{k-1},t_k]\right\}(t_k-t_{k-1})\\ L(f,P)=\sum_{1\leq k\leq n}\operatorname{inf}\left\{f(x): x\in [t_{k-1},t_k]\right\}(t_k-t_{k-1}) Now what about the supremum and infimum of f(x)f(x)? If sup{f(x):x[a,b]}=λ\operatorname{sup}\left\{f(x): x\in[a,b]\right\}=\lambda but then f(x)f(x) is constant so infimum of f(x)f(x) is also λ\lambda which immediately follows that L(f,P)=λ(ba)=U(f,P)L(f,P)=\lambda(b-a)=U(f,P) Further L(f)L(f,P),  U(f)U(f,P)    L(f)=U(f)=λ(ba)L(f)\geq L(f,P) ,\; U(f)\leq U(f,P) \implies L(f)=U(f)=\lambda(b-a) shows that f(x)f(x) is integrable and its values isL(f)abf(x)U(f)    abf(x)dx=λ(ba)L(f)\leq \int_a^b f(x) \leq U(f)\implies \int_a^b f(x) dx =\lambda(b-a)

Now how to show that the supremum and infimum of the constant function is constant itself without using completeness property?

Any sorts of help will be appreciated.

#Calculus

Note by Naren Bhandari
1 year, 1 month ago

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