Weightlessness of freely-falling body
We know, Weight (w) = Mass(m) * Acceleration due to gravity(g)
If the weight of a body is 0, either the mass or the gravitational acceleration is 0, or both are 0. But, mass of a body can never be 0. Thus the gravitational acceleration has to be 0.
But a body during free fall possesses acceleration as well as mass.
So, why is a freely-falling body weightless ?
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Monimoy Ghosh
8 years, 1 month ago
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A freely-falling body isn't really "weightless." A one-pound weight free-falling in a vacuum in a lab on Earth still weighs one pound. But from the point of view of an ant on the weight (holding its little breath), there are no net forces acting on it so it experiences weightlessness.
Same for an astronaut in orbit. The orbit is shaped by the gravity of the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun. But the astronaut's net acceleration is exactly those dictated by those forces, so s/he feels "weightless."
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Thank you.
Weightlessness occurs when you do not feel the floor. To make this clear, we will use "apparent weight".
Suppose you are in an accelerating elevator and there is conveniently a weighing scale.
Naturally, when the elevator starts accelerating, you get onto the scale and read you weight. But since the elevator is accelerating, you are actually reading your apparent weight.
Note that by Newton's third law, your apparent weight is the normal force on you. So when the elevator goes into free fall, you "lose contact" with the scale. When you read the scale, the apparent weight you read is 0, which obviously means that you are weightless.
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Thank you.
What we mean by weight is the normal force exerted by the surface on which the block is kept on the block. So, if we are in an inertial frame the normal force would be equal to the weight of the body.( Free body diagram analysis). But, in an non-inertial frame, use free body diagram and find the normal force. This is the weight of the body. Mass is frame-independent but weight is frame-dependent.
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Weight (or rather the apparent weight, i.e. the weight felt by the body) of a body is actually the reaction force that it feels from the floor on which the body is standing or the rope from which it is hanging (in the second case the reaction is tension). During a free fall a body makes no contact with anything so no question of such reaction force arises. It is actually not weightless, but feels itself to be weightless.
Consider a body of mass 'm' with a massless rope attached to it, the rope being linked to a weighing scale. If you do the free body diagram of the given situation at hand, the scale shall read nothing but the "tension" in the rope, 'T'.
At rest, T will be exactly equal to mg.
(Visualize the weighing scale and the rope attached to the mass at all times)
When the body starts to fall freely i.e. with acceleration equal to 'g' we have a different situation here. Now the forces acting on the body shall be ----- 1) Tension T acting upwards 2) Weight mg acting downwards 3) Inertia force mg due to acceleration acting upwards as per D'Alemberts principle.
So now if you equate the above forces, we have something like this------
T +mg = mg which brings us to T=0
This means nothing but the fact that, the weighing scale won't register any reading rendering zero apparent weight although the body has mass.