14th March

Calculus Level 3

+ 1 ( 1 2 π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 π 2 ) 2 + 1 + 1 ( 1 + π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 + 2 π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 + 3 π 2 ) 2 + = 1 π 2 sin 2 ( a π ) \cdots+\dfrac{1}{(1-2π^2)^2}+\dfrac{1}{(1-π^2)^2} +1 +\dfrac{1}{(1+π^2)^2}+\dfrac{1}{(1+2π^2)^2} +\dfrac{1}{(1+3π^2)^2}+\cdots=\dfrac{1}{π^2 \sin^2(\frac{a}{π})} Above relation holds true for positive integer a a . Find a a

The problem is original


The answer is 1.

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1 solution

Dwaipayan Shikari
Mar 14, 2021

Above series is n = 1 ( n π 2 + 1 ) 2 \sum_{n=-∞}^∞ \dfrac{1}{(nπ^2+1)^2} To find answer let's generalise the whole thing. sin ( x ) = x n = 1 ( 1 x 2 π 2 n 2 ) \sin(x)=x\prod_{n=1}^∞ (1-\frac{x^2}{π^2n^2}) Taking log on both sides and Differentiating respect to x x gives us cot ( x ) = 1 x + n = 1 1 x + n π + n = 1 1 x n π \cot(x)= \dfrac{1}{x} +\sum_{n=1}^∞ \dfrac{1}{x+nπ} +\sum_{n=1}^∞ \dfrac{1}{x-nπ} cot ( x ) = n = 1 n π + x \cot(x)= \sum_{n=-∞}^∞ \dfrac{1}{nπ+x} Differentiating respect to x x again gives 1 sin 2 ( x ) = n = 1 ( n π + x ) 2 n = 1 ( n π + x ) 2 = 1 sin 2 ( x ) -\dfrac{1}{\sin^2(x)} = -\sum_{n=-∞}^∞ \dfrac{1}{(nπ+x)^2} \implies \sum_{n=-∞}^∞ \dfrac{1}{(nπ+x)^2}=\dfrac{1}{\sin^2(x)} take x = 1 π x=\dfrac{1}{π} It gives + 1 ( 1 2 π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 π 2 ) 2 + 1 + 1 ( 1 + π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 + 2 π 2 ) 2 + 1 ( 1 + 3 π 2 ) 2 + = 1 π 2 sin 2 ( 1 π ) \cdots+\dfrac{1}{(1-2π^2)^2}+\dfrac{1}{(1-π^2)^2} +1 +\dfrac{1}{(1+π^2)^2}+\dfrac{1}{(1+2π^2)^2} +\dfrac{1}{(1+3π^2)^2}+\cdots=\dfrac{1}{π^2 \sin^2(\frac{1}{π})} Answer is a = 1 \boxed{a=1}

Have a great π π day

π π =   3.1415926 535 89793 23846 264338 3279 5028 841971 6939 937510 5820 974944 59230 78164 0628620 899 8628 034825 34211 70679 8214 808651 328 2306647 093 8446095 50582 23172 53594 08128 48111 74502 8410 270193 8521 105559 64462 29489 5493 038196 442881 0975 6659 334461 284756 4823 37867 83165 271 2019091 45648 56692 3460 348610 4543 266482 1339 360726 02491 41273 724587 0066 0631 558817 4881 520920 962829 2540 9171 536436 78925 90360 0113305305 488 2046652 13841 46951 9415 11609 4 33057 27036 5759 591953 0921 861173 819326 1179 3105 118548 074462 3799 62749 56735 18857 52724 89122 79381 830119 4912 9833 673362 4406 566430 86021 39494 639 5224737 19070 21798 6094 370277 053 9217176 29317 67523 84674 81846 7669405132 000 5681271 452635 6082 7785 771342 75778 96091 7363 717872 14684 40901 22495 34301 46549 58537 105079 2279 6892589235 4201 995611 2129021960 86403 44181 598 1362977 4771 309960 5187072113 4999999837 2978049951 059731 7328 1609631859 5024 459455 3469083026 4252230825 3344685035 2619 311881 7101000313 7838752886 5875332083 8142061717 766914 7303 59825 34 904 2875546873 115 9562863 8823537875 9375195778 185778 0532 1712268066 13001 92787 6611195 909 216420198 9....

    14th March,2021

3/14

Dwaipayan Shikari - 3 months ago

@Dwaipayan Shikari : how can I learn about the approximations used for solving this problem? What do you reccomend for reading?

Paul Romero - 2 months, 4 weeks ago

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Sorry sir! But which problem? My comment or my solution?

Dwaipayan Shikari - 2 months, 4 weeks ago

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Your solution

Paul Romero - 2 months, 4 weeks ago

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@Paul Romero @Paul Romero Generally sir, I don't have too much books to study but I use Wikipedia and Brilliant as my source. But there are some great books . One was Ramanujan's favourite "Elementary results in pure Mathematics" -by G.H Carr. And as always brilliant's nice Wiki and Communities

Dwaipayan Shikari - 2 months, 3 weeks ago

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