A calculus problem by Rahil Sehgal

Calculus Level 4

0 4 x 2 1 1 + y 3 d y d x \large \int_{0}^{4} \displaystyle\int_{\sqrt{x}}^{2} \dfrac{1}{1+y^3} dy \; dx

The above multiple integral can be expressed in form of a b log c \dfrac{a}{b} \log c , where a a , b b , and c c are positive prime numbers. Then find a + b + c . a+b+c.


The answer is 8.

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1 solution

Kushal Bose
Apr 28, 2017

0 4 x 2 1 1 + y 3 d y d x \displaystyle\int_{0}^{4} \displaystyle\int_{\sqrt{x}}^{2} \dfrac{1}{1+y^3} dy \; dx

Consider the limits x = 0 4 x=0 \to 4 and y = x 2 y=\sqrt{x} \to 2

Changing the order of the integration we get y = 0 2 y= 0 \to 2 and x = 0 y 2 x= 0 \to y^2

So, the integral becomes 0 2 0 y 2 1 1 + y 3 d y d x = 0 2 1 1 + y 3 0 y 2 d x d y = 0 2 1 1 + y 3 . y 2 d y = 1 3 [ ln ( 1 + y 3 ) ] 0 2 = 2 3 ln ( 3 ) \displaystyle \int_{0}^{2} \int_{0}^{y^2} \dfrac{1}{1+y^3} dy \; dx \\ =\displaystyle \int_{0}^{2} \dfrac{1}{1+y^3} \int_{0}^{y^2} dx \,\, dy \\= \displaystyle \int_{0}^{2} \dfrac{1}{1+y^3} .y^2 \,\, dy \\=\dfrac{1}{3} [\ln (1+y^3)]_{0}^{2} \\ =\dfrac{2}{3} \ln (3)

Can you detail a little bit more how the limits of integration change from the original ones to 0 2 0 \rightarrow 2 and 0 y 2 0 \rightarrow y^2

Guilherme Niedu - 4 years, 1 month ago

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The portion we are integrating over is between the graph of the the function y = x 2 y=x^2 the vertical line x = 4 x=4 and the horizontal line y=0. When integrating over x x first we look at slits parallel to the x-axis of this region which are y 1 / 2 x 2 y^{1/2}≤x≤2 then we move y from 0 to 4. If instead we look at the slits parallel to the y-axis then we see the region 0 y x 2 0≤y≤x^2 and we move this slit from x=0 to x=4

Kushal Bose - 4 years, 1 month ago

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I believe you meant y 1 2 y^{ \frac12} , but got it, thanks.

Guilherme Niedu - 4 years, 1 month ago

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@Guilherme Niedu Thanks, I have fixed it

Kushal Bose - 4 years, 1 month ago

Yup, did the exact same..

Aditya Kumar - 3 years, 11 months ago

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