This is my entry to the Math Poetry Contest
. Both the problem and the solution are part of the poem:
A small circle rolls inside of another,
The first is a fourth of the other’s diameter.
A point of the lesser’s is then traced about,
As it slides without slipping through its circular route.
A man named von Littrow has named it "Astroid",
Though its technical name is a tetracycloid.
So which of these shapes is the curve that I mean?
Here’s a hint: it resembles a shape that you’ve seen!
As the small circle rolls inside of the great,
It draws neither circle nor figure of eight.
Instead, as we follow a point near and far,
It traces a beautiful four-pointed star!
Animation by Sam Derbyshire in the Wikipedia Commons