A Circle in a Circle (a rhymed riddle)

Geometry Level 3

This is my entry to the Math Poetry Contest . Both the problem and the solution are part of the poem:

A small circle rolls inside of another, \text{A small circle rolls inside of another,}

The first is a fourth of the other’s diameter. \text{The first is a fourth of the other's diameter.}

A point of the lesser’s is then traced about, \text{A point of the lesser's is then traced about,}

As it slides without slipping through its circular route. \text{As it slides without slipping through its circular route.}

A man named von Littrow has named it "Astroid", \text{A man named von Littrow has named it "Astroid",}

Though its technical name is a tetracycloid. \text{Though its technical name is a tetracycloid.}

So which of these shapes is the curve that I mean? \text{So which of these shapes is the curve that I mean?}

Here’s a hint: it resembles a shape that you’ve seen! \text{Here's a hint: it resembles a shape that you've seen!}

A normal circle A double heart shape A four-pointed star A square with round corners

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1 solution

David Stiff
Oct 23, 2018

As the small circle rolls inside of the great, \text{As the small circle rolls inside of the great,}

It draws neither circle nor figure of eight. \text{It draws neither circle nor figure of eight.}

Instead, as we follow a point near and far, \text{Instead, as we follow a point near and far,}

It traces a beautiful four-pointed star! \text{It traces a beautiful four-pointed star!}

Animation by Sam Derbyshire in the Wikipedia Commons

Interesting!

Mohammad Farhat - 2 years, 7 months ago

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Thank you!

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

That's awesome! Too bad I can only upvote it once!

By the way, this problem might interest you.

Varsha Dani - 2 years, 7 months ago

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Thanks Varsha!

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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:)

By the way, I didn't notice this before, but you seem to have a typo: "hirt" instead of "hint"

Varsha Dani - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@Varsha Dani That's odd. It's showing up as "hint" for me...

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@David Stiff Very curious indeed. It must be an artifact of some sort because now the "seen" at the end of that line looks like "seer" as well. I notice the font is different. Is it an uploaded file rather than typed in here directly? Anyway, since you can't reproduce it, there doesn't seem to be much you can do about it...

Varsha Dani - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@Varsha Dani It is all Latex, which may be the problem.

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@David Stiff There's a current LaTeX bug where the "n" is partly shaved off to look like an "r." This includes the trigonometric functions, variables, and text. You can temporarily fix this bug by slightly zooming in, but the developers haven't fixed it (yet).

Blan Morrison - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@Blan Morrison Thanks Blan. Hopefully they get it working again.

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

A nice animation for your solution from Wikipedia can be found here .

David Vreken - 2 years, 7 months ago

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Is it copyright free? Because if it isn't, I would like to use it!

David Stiff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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I think so. Here are the permission details on the image: "This work has been released into the public domain by its author, Sam at English Wikipedia. This applies worldwide. In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so: Sam grants anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law." Be sure to cite it so that you can give credit where credit is due.

David Vreken - 2 years, 7 months ago

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