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@Michael Mendrin Yea, the calculations are a ton worse than I expected.
I've been trying to do a continuity argument from the even-even to the even-odd to the odd-odd case, but that doesn't seem to lead me anywhere.
IE In the 4 by 6, the yellow and pink areas are the same. So let's consider the additional triangle with vertices ( 0 , 4 ) , ( 6 , 0 ) , ( 7 , 0 ) . But, that would cause me to think that the pink area is larger, mainly because of the bottom right triangle.
I suspect it has some number-theoretic relevance / consequence, and might try phrasing it that way.
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Actually, it is kind of interesting to see the relationship between given a , b and that fraction that either color differs from exactly half of the "area of the half rectangle". It does seem to suggest some kind of a "number-theoretic" relationship here. Maybe a little later, I can post both the equation that generates that fraction and the results. I've been trying to devise a problem for Brilliant, but I think just about everybody is going to find the problem far too tedious to be of any interest.
I'll have to come back to this later as I'm running out of time. Too much to do.
Calvin, I'm frozen out from trying to fix my comment showing results. I can't get in. The "Edit" button don't work, and I have to be out of here now.
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I've edited the Latex to help it display.
The original Latex looks correct, but it was just too long (approx 2000 rows?) for it to get displayed. I've cut it up into smaller chunks (and also reduced the results that are disaplayed.
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@Calvin Lin – Wow! Thank you very much! Now, notice [any] relationship between a , b and the fractions. I see some intriguing patterns, but so far nothing trivial.
@Calvin Lin – Yeah, maybe that's enough for now for some of us to try to see any patterns. It gets interesting when a becomes 2 0 or 2 4 .
Given the integer sides of the triangle a , b of opposite parity, the following generates the fraction F ( a , b ) that is the absolute difference between the total area of either color with half of the area of the triangle
So, for example, for a = 4 , and b = 7 , the absolute difference is 2 8 1
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Haha, an interesting variant would be to give that formula where a , b have the same parity, and then ask what that value is. I would love to see how someone comes up with the corresponding interpretation for it in terms of area.
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With a little more effort, I probably can modify this formula to work for a , b of the same parity as well.
Results in form of a , b , and F ( a , b )
a 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 1 2 1 2 0 1 2 8 1 3 6 1 4 4 1 5 2 1 6 0 1 6 8 1 7 6 1 8 4 1 9 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 8 1 1 1 6 1 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 1 1 4 0 1 1 4 8 1 1 5 6 1 1 6 4 1 1 7 2 1 1 8 0 1 1 8 8 1 1 9 6 1 2 0 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 0 1 2 2 8 1 2 3 6 1 2 4 4 1 a 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 1 2 5 4 1 2 8 1 3 6 1 4 4 5 5 2 5 6 0 1 6 8 1 7 6 5 8 4 5 9 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 8 5 1 1 6 5 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 1 2 8 1 1 4 8 5 1 5 6 1 1 6 4 1 1 7 2 5 3 6 1 1 8 8 1 1 9 6 1 2 0 4 5 2 1 2 5 2 2 0 1 2 2 8 1 2 3 6 5 2 4 4 5 a 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) ∣ 4 1 1 2 7 1 2 5 1 2 1 4 4 1 5 2 1 2 0 1 2 0 4 3 5 2 2 8 3 5 2 8 1 9 2 1 1 0 0 1 3 6 1 3 4 8 3 5 3 7 2 3 5 4 4 1 1 4 0 1 1 4 8 1 5 2 1 4 9 2 3 5 5 1 6 3 5 6 0 1 1 8 8 1 1 9 6 1 6 8 1 6 3 6 3 5 1 3 2 7 7 6 1 2 3 6 1 2 4 4 1 a 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 6 1 1 0 3 4 3 1 2 7 2 2 3 2 6 1 6 0 1 6 8 1 3 8 1 1 4 1 9 2 2 1 1 0 0 2 1 1 8 1 5 8 1 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 1 7 0 1 7 4 3 5 2 7 1 6 4 2 1 8 6 3 9 0 1 1 8 8 1 1 9 6 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 6 3 2 2 0 2 1 7 6 7 1 1 8 3 1 2 2 1 a 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 6 0 1 9 4 1 1 4 0 5 1 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 6 0 5 1 1 2 1 3 4 0 1 9 7 6 1 8 4 1 4 6 0 1 9 2 0 1 1 8 0 1 7 1 1 6 3 3 1 2 4 3 3 2 2 0 1 7 2 8 1 7 4 0 1 9 1 5 6 1 1 6 4 1 8 6 0 1 9 3 6 1 9 4 0 5 1 1 9 6 3 3 6 8 1 1 1 0 6 0 5 1 4 4 1 6 0 1 2 3 6 1 2 4 4 1 a 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 4 1 6 0 1 3 8 4 2 5 1 2 5 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 0 4 2 5 2 2 8 1 3 2 8 1 9 2 1 1 0 0 1 3 6 1 3 4 8 1 3 3 7 2 2 5 4 4 5 4 2 0 1 4 3 4 4 4 1 4 3 5 2 5 4 9 2 2 5 5 1 6 1 3 6 0 1 1 8 8 1 1 9 6 1 6 8 1 6 3 6 1 3 1 3 2 5 7 6 5 7 0 8 1 4 3 7 3 2 1 4 3 a 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 8 4 1 7 2 8 3 4 1 2 5 2 7 9 3 0 8 1 4 5 4 5 1 2 1 3 4 7 6 1 4 5 5 3 2 7 9 1 2 1 6 4 4 1 5 7 0 0 1 7 1 0 8 1 1 1 6 1 8 6 8 1 7 3 0 8 5 2 0 1 1 0 3 6 7 9 1 0 9 2 1 4 5 1 6 4 6 5 1 7 2 6 5 2 5 2 2 9 1 3 1 6 7 9 2 8 1 4 7 6 5 1 4 8 4 1 7 2 2 0 1 2 2 8 1 1 6 5 2 1 7 1 7 0 8 1 5 a 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 b 3 5 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 1 2 3 2 5 2 7 2 9 3 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 9 4 1 4 3 4 5 4 7 4 9 5 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 1 F ( a , b ) 2 4 7 8 3 1 4 3 1 8 5 8 8 3 1 1 0 4 5 5 1 2 1 7 4 5 1 5 2 5 5 1 6 8 3 1 4 6 5 5 0 3 7 2 5 2 3 2 7 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 1 4 0 1 2 9 6 1 5 2 6 1 8 2 5 3 4 4 3 1 7 2 1 1 1 8 8 8 5 1 9 6 8 5 4 0 8 5 5 4 2 4 3 1 2 2 1 3 8 1 4 7 2 1 5 4 8 8 7
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[Michael Mendrin pointed out that my answer is wrong. I found the error in my proof. The yellow area is indeed larger, just slightly. I do not yet know of a simple demonstration of this result, other than through tedious calculation.]
Can you generalize this result to a right triangle of sides m and n ?
[Note: I am yet unable to generalize the result. I do not know if it will be larger in cases of different parity, but I suspect that is the case.]