X, Y and Z

Algebra Level 1

X Y Z X Y Z + Y Z 1 6 7 5 \begin{array} { l l l l l } & & X & Y& Z\\ & & X& Y& Z\\+&& &Y & Z \\\hline & 1 & 6 & 7 & 5\\ \end{array}

X , Y , X,Y, and Z Z are distinct single digits that satisfy the cryptogram above.

What is X + Y + Z ? X+Y+Z?

10 20 15 30 25

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6 solutions

Hana Wehbi
Apr 2, 2017

First, we consider the column of units (ones) digits.

From this column, we see that the units digit of Z + Z + Z ( o r 3 Z ) Z + Z + Z (or 3Z) must be 5. 5.

By trying the possible digits from 0 0 to 9 9 , we find that Z Z must equal 5. 5.

When Z = 5 , Z = 5, we get 3 Z = 15 , 3Z = 15, and so there is a “carry” of 1 1 to the column of tens digits. From this

column, we see that the units digit of 1 + Y + Y + Y ( 3 Y + 1 ) 1+Y +Y +Y ( 3Y +1) must be 7. 7.

By trying the possible digits from 0 0 to 9 , 9, we find that Y Y must equal 2. 2.

There is no carry created when Y = 2. Y = 2.

Looking at the remaining digits, we see that 2 X = 16 2X = 16 and so X = 8. X = 8.

Checking, if X = 8 X = 8 and Y = 2 Y = 2 and Z = 5 , Z = 5, we obtain 825 + 825 + 25 825+825+25 which equals 1675 , 1675, as required.

Therefore, X + Y + Z = 8 + 2 + 5 = 15. X +Y +Z = 8+2+5 = 15.

The exact solution i did. :)

Naren Bhandari - 4 years, 2 months ago

Great! Saying "Checking for the last digit" provides a much better reasoning than simply insisting that "We must have 3 Z = 15 3Z = 15 ". In the latter, further explanation of why it couldn't be (say) 5, 25 or 45 need to be provided.

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 2 months ago
Akhil Vettical
Jun 11, 2017

First let us take the first column and as Z + Z + Z =3 Z and the units digit of the number is 5 and hence 3 Z should be equal to a multiple of 5 and as Z is a one digit number ,from 0 to 9 we find that Z is 5 . Now in the tens digit 3 Y+ 1 should end with the digit 7 and as Y is a one digit number from 0 to 9 ,we find that Y = 2 and now 2 X = 16 and X is a one digit number from 0 to 9 and we find that X = 8. Hence X + Y + Z = 8 + 2 +5 = 15.

Kitty Saravanan
Jun 10, 2017

3Z = 15 Z = 5 / 7-1 = 6 3Y = 6 Y = 2 / 2X = 16 X = 8 / X + Y + Z = 5 + 2 + 8 = 15

Thank you for posting a solution.

Hana Wehbi - 4 years ago

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You're welcome.

Kitty Saravanan - 3 years, 12 months ago

If X=8, Y=2 Z=5

8+2+5= 15

825+825+25=1675

Thank you for posting a solution.

Hana Wehbi - 4 years ago
Zach Abueg
Apr 3, 2017

3 Z = 3Z = a number ending in 5 5 . Z Z must be 5 5 . 3 × 5 = 15 3 \times 5 = 15 . The 1 1 carries over to the tens.

30 Y + 10 = 70 Y = 2 30Y + 10 = 70 \Longrightarrow Y = 2

N O T E : NOTE: 30 Y + 10 = 70 30Y + 10 = 70 because 10 Y + 10 Y + 10 Y + 10 10Y + 10Y + 10Y + 10 (carried over from 3 × 5 = 15 3 \times 5 = 15 ) equals 7 × 10 7 \times 10 . Y Y and 7 7 are multiplied by 10 10 because they are in the tens place. In addition, Y Y must be an integer < 10 < 10 because each place in a number's decimal representation can only be a one-digit integer.

30 Y + 10 = 70 Y = 2 < 10 30Y + 10 = 70 \Longrightarrow Y = 2 < 10

30 Y + 10 = 170 Y = 16 3 < 10 30Y + 10 = 170 \Longrightarrow Y = \frac{16}{3} < 10 but does not belong to Z \mathbb{Z}

30 Y + 10 = 270 Y = 26 3 < 10 30Y + 10 = 270 \Longrightarrow Y = \frac{26}{3} < 10 but does not belong to Z \mathbb{Z}

30 Y + 10 = 370 Y = 12 > 10 30Y + 10 = 370 \Longrightarrow Y = 12 > 10

Thus the expression 30 Y + 10 = 70 30Y + 10 = 70 can only equal 70 70 .

200 X = 1600 X = 8 200X = 1600 \Longrightarrow X = 8

X + Y + Z = 8 + 2 + 5 = 15 X + Y + Z = 8 + 2 + 5 = \boxed{15}

Thank you.

Hana Wehbi - 4 years, 2 months ago

Can you explain why 30 Y + 10 = 70 30 Y + 10 = 70 ? Just missing a small step.

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 2 months ago

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I have made an amendment to my solution.

Zach Abueg - 4 years, 2 months ago

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Previously, you concluded that 3 Z = 15 3 Z = 15 , as opposed to 3 Z = 5 3 Z = 5 .

So, why must we have 30 Y + 10 = 70 30 Y + 10 = 70 ? In particular, why couldn't we have it be 30 Y + 10 = 170 30 Y + 10 = 170 or even 370?

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Calvin Lin Ah, I see your point - good observation! Y Y must be an integer < 10 < 10 because each place in a number's decimal representation can only be a one-digit integer.

30 Y + 10 = 70 Y = 2 < 10 30Y + 10 = 70 \Longrightarrow Y = 2 < 10

30 Y + 10 = 170 Y = 16 3 < 10 30Y + 10 = 170 \Longrightarrow Y = \frac{16}{3} < 10 but does not belong to Z \mathbb{Z}

30 Y + 10 = 270 Y = 26 3 < 10 30Y + 10 = 270 \Longrightarrow Y = \frac{26}{3} < 10 but does not belong to Z \mathbb{Z}

30 Y + 10 = 370 Y = 12 > 10 30Y + 10 = 370 \Longrightarrow Y = 12 > 10

Thus the expression 30 Y + 10 = 70 30Y + 10 = 70 can only equal 70 70 .

Zach Abueg - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Zach Abueg Great! Another way to look at it is to check divisibility by 3, and bounding Y.

Can you add this explanation into your solution? Thanks!

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 2 months ago

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@Calvin Lin Of course! Thank you Calvin for pointing this out!

Zach Abueg - 4 years, 2 months ago
Toshit Jain
Apr 2, 2017

A c c o r d i n g t o a b o v e c r y p t o g r a m , According \space to \space above \space cryptogram \space,

2 ( 100 X + 10 Y + Z ) + 10 Y + Z = 1675 2 \space ( \space 100X \space+ \space10Y \space+\space Z) \space + \space10Y \space+ \space Z \space= \space1675

200 X + 30 Y + 3 Z = 200 × 8 + 30 × 2 + 3 × 5 \rightarrow\space 200X \space+ \space 30Y \space +\space3Z\space= \space 200 \times 8 \space+ \space30 \times 2 \space+ \space 3 \times 5

C o m p a r i n g L . H . S . a n d R . H . S . Comparing \space L.H.S. \space and \space R.H.S.

X = 8 , Y = 2 , Z = 5 \Rightarrow \space X \space= \space8 \space, \space Y \space= \space2 \space, \space Z \space= \space5

X + Y + Z = 8 + 2 + 5 = 15 \therefore \space X \space+ \space Y \space+ \space Z \space= \space 8 \space+ \space2 \space+ \space 5 \space=\boxed{15}

Nice. Thank you.

Hana Wehbi - 4 years, 2 months ago

Unfortunately, you made a very common misconception . Can you spot your error?

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 2 months ago

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