A B C D is a trapezium with A B ∣ ∣ C D and its diagonals intersect at M such that ∠ A M D = 6 0 ∘ .
O is the centre of the circle passing through A B C D such that O M = 2 .
∣ A B − C D ∣ = m n find m + n
Note : m and n are integers and n isn't a perfect square.
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Nice solution via coordinate geometry
As the trapezium is cyclic, it is also isosceles.
Let X and Y be midpoints of diagonals A C and B D respectively.
X Y intersects O M at L
Join O X and O Y .
O X and O Y are perpendicular to A C and B D ( Why? )
Angle X M Y = 1 2 0 ° , So angle X M O = Angle Y M O = 6 0 ° (By symmetry)
In ∆ O X M , s i n M = s i n 6 0 ° = 2 O X = 2 3
O X = 3 , so, X M = 1
O M is perpendicular to X Y (By symmetry)
So, we get X L = Y L = 2 3 , so, X Y = 3
We know that ∣ A B − C D ∣ = 2 × X Y
So, answer us 2 3
n + m = 2 + 3 = 5
This problem is from the 2007 RMO.
You have given O M as 2 and by that, the answer is coming out to be 6 thus m + n = 1 + 6 = 7 .
You should consider correcting either the value of O M or your answer.
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Sorry for the inconvenience, I meant OM=2. Did you clear this year's RMO?
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I did not give it. I don't satisfy the age criteria ;(
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@Vedant Saini – Aren't you 14? Class 8/9?
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@Mr. India – No, there wasn’t any option of my age when I set my age on brilliant. That’s why it is 14
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A cyclic trapezium is also an isosceles trapezium, and by symmetry the center of the circle must be on the perpendicular bisector of the bases of the trapezium. Since O M = 2 , place the trapezium on a coordinate plane so that the center of the circumscribed circle is at the origin and M is at ( 0 , 2 ) .
Since ∠ A M D = 6 0 ° , ∠ D M C = 1 8 0 ° − 6 0 ° = 1 2 0 ° , and since △ D M C is an isosceles triangle, ∠ M D C = ∠ M C D = 2 1 8 0 ° − 1 2 0 ° = 3 0 ° . This means the slope of B D is tan 3 0 ° = 3 3 , and since its y -intercept is 2 the equation of its line is y = 3 3 x + 2 . Likewise, the slope of A C is tan 1 5 0 ° = − 3 3 , and since its y -intercept is 2 the equation of its line is y = − 3 3 x + 2 .
Let a be the x -coordinate of B . Since B is on y = 3 3 x + 2 , its coordinates are ( a , 3 3 x + 2 ) . Using the distance between B and the origin gives the radius r of the the circle, so r 2 = a 2 + ( 3 3 x + 2 ) 2 , which makes the equation of the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 + ( 3 3 x + 2 ) 2 .
C is on both the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 + ( 3 3 x + 2 ) 2 and on the line y = − 3 3 x + 2 , and combining these equations to eliminate y gives an x -coordinate of x = a + 3 .
By symmetry, if a is the x-coordinate of B , then A B = 2 a , and if a + 3 is the x -coordinate of C , then C D = 2 a + 2 3 . Therefore, ∣ A B − C D ∣ = ∣ 2 a − ( 2 a + 2 3 ) ∣ = 2 3 , so m = 2 , n = 3 , and m + n = 5 .