True or False
If A B A is a multiple of 7, then so is B A B .
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I love what you did here! I took the sum (and so we get ( A + B ) × 1 1 1 meaning that the condition holds for multiples of 3 and 37), but didn't think of taking the difference.
I wonder which other multiples this would hold for.
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I checked all the pairs. It works for 3 , 7 , 1 3 . It also works for 3 7 in numbers 1 1 1 , 2 2 2 , 3 3 3 . . . 9 9 9 .
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The generalized question of n ∣ A B A ⇔ n ∣ B A B is pretty interesting. While I agree that n ∣ 1 1 1 × 9 1 = 1 0 1 0 1 is a sufficient condition, it is not immediately apparant to me why this is also a necessary condition.
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@Calvin Lin – The relation is symmetrical by definition.
A B A = 1 0 1 A + 1 0 B is a multiple of 7
thus 1 0 1 A + 1 0 B − 9 1 A is also a multiple of 7 ( 9 1 A is a multiple of 7 )
⇒ 1 0 A + 1 0 B is a multiple of 7
⇒ 1 0 A + 1 0 B + 9 1 B is a multiple of 7 ( 9 1 B is a multiple of 7 )
⇒ 1 0 1 B + 1 0 A = 1 0 0 B + 1 0 A + B = B A B is a multiple of 7
That's a sweet solution.
For single (non-negative) digits A , B and some positive integer n we have that
1 0 0 A + 1 0 B + A = 1 0 1 A + 1 0 B = 7 n ⟹
3 A + 3 B = 7 n − 9 8 A − 7 B = 7 ∗ ( n − 1 4 A − B ) = 7 m for some integer m .
Now B A B = 1 0 0 B + 1 0 A + B = 7 ∗ ( 1 4 B + A ) + 3 ∗ ( B + A ) = 7 k + 7 m = 7 d
for some integer d , and thus 7 ∣ A B A ⟹ 7 ∣ B A B .
Comment: Note that 3 ( A + B ) = 7 m implies that 7 ∣ ( A + B ) , so the 3-digit number pairs ( A B A , B A B ) we are looking at are ( 1 6 1 , 6 1 6 ) , ( 2 5 2 , 5 2 5 ) , ( 3 4 3 , 4 3 4 ) , ( 5 9 5 , 9 5 9 ) , ( 6 8 6 , 8 6 8 ) and of course ( 7 7 7 , 7 7 7 ) .
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A B A = 1 0 1 A + 1 0 B = 7 d
B A B = 1 0 1 B + 1 0 A
A B A − B A B = 1 0 1 ( A − B ) + 1 0 ( B − A ) = ( A − B ) × 7 × 1 3 .
B A B = A B A − ( A − B ) × 7 × 1 3 = 7 ( d − 1 3 ( A − B ) )
Note: The same condition holds for multiples of 1 3 . It works for numbers 4 9 4 , 5 8 5 , 6 7 6 , 7 6 7 , 8 5 8 , 9 4 9 .