All that matters is the constant velocity!

There is a thin string of linear mass density ρ \rho , which is going around a pulley of radius R R , with constant velocity v v .

Determine the internal tension in the string.

Details and Assumptions

  • There is no net force acting on the pulley-string system.

  • Neglect gravity.

  • Take ρ = 0.25 kgm 1 , R = 0.25 m , v = 13 ms 1 \rho = 0.25 \text{ kgm}^{-1}, R = 0.25 \text{ m}, v = \sqrt{13} \text{ ms}^{-1} .


The answer is 3.25.

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2 solutions

Take a small mass d m \mathrm{d}m making an angle d α \mathrm{d}\alpha at the centre.

So, to find Normal N \mathbb{N} on the pulley,

N = 2 T sin d α 2 T d α N = 2T\sin\dfrac{\mathrm{d}\alpha}{2}\approx T\mathrm{d}\alpha

Now for it to rotate with constant velocity v v , N = d m a c = d m v 2 R N = \mathrm{d}ma_c = \dfrac{\mathrm{d}mv^2}{R}

T d α = ρ R d α v 2 R = ρ v 2 d α T = ρ v 2 \Rightarrow T\mathrm{d}\alpha = \rho R\mathrm{d}\alpha\dfrac{v^2}{R}= \rho v^2\mathrm{d}\alpha\\ \Rightarrow T = \rho v^2

T = ρ v 2 = 3.25 \Huge{\therefore\boxed{T = \rho v^2}}\normalsize=3.25

Note : The tension is independent of the radius of the pulley.

Tension is constant because there is no friction.

And I think it is highly overrated.

Вук Радовић - 5 years, 8 months ago

I too did the same. But I did a mistake somewhere.

Surya Prakash - 5 years, 8 months ago

Is the tension in the constant everywhere

Harshith Sai - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Yes, because the thread moved with constant velocity

Kishore S. Shenoy - 5 years, 8 months ago

Hey @Kishore S Shenoy , why did u take tension constant everywhere?? How the tension be same in both directions??

Surya Prakash - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Tension is same because the thread is going with constant velocity.

Kishore S. Shenoy - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Why should it be constant even though it moves with constant velocity?

Surya Prakash - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Surya Prakash Since all go at same velocity, net force on all the small masses should be 0. Thus using Newton's 3rd Law, Tension is same throughout

Kishore S. Shenoy - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Kishore S. Shenoy How can net force on a small piece of string be zero if it is moving in a circle ? It will have radial acceleration.

CH Nikhil - 5 years, 8 months ago

Hi Kishore, could you please explain how you got your first eqquation N = 2 T sin ( d α 2 ) ? N=2T\sin\large(\dfrac{d\alpha}{2}\large)?

Ayan Dasgupta Samarendra - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Taking Component of the Tension along the normal direction of the pulley. Which part of the equation do not understand?

Kishore S. Shenoy - 5 years, 7 months ago

even gravitational force acts nthen why you did not consider that

Karthik Sai - 3 years ago

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You have to ignore gravity. Check the "Details and Assumptions" part.

Kishore S. Shenoy - 2 years, 10 months ago

normal exerted by the pulley will be outwards not inwards

Karthik Sai - 2 years, 10 months ago

normal force exerted by the pulley on the small element in the string will be out wards not inwards

Karthik Sai - 2 years, 10 months ago

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The point to be understood here is that the pulley does not provide any force on the string. I've mentioned it that way so that it's easy to understand. The pulley's presence is for mere aid for thought, whatsoever.

Kishore S. Shenoy - 2 years, 10 months ago

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i didn't see

Karthik Sai - 2 years, 10 months ago

2Tsin(dp\2) - N=dm ac ac centripetal acceleration

Karthik Sai - 2 years, 10 months ago
Md Junaid
Dec 20, 2017

Cant we do it like this that...

T = d ( m v ) d ( t ) T=\dfrac{d(mv)}{d(t)}

T = d m d t × v T=\dfrac{dm}{dt} \times v

Now we know d m = ρ . d x dm=\rho.dx . So d m d t = ρ × d x d t = ρ v \dfrac{dm}{dt}=\rho \times \dfrac{dx}{dt} = \rho v .

So putting in the 1st eqn we get

T = ρ v 2 T=\rho v^2

T = 3.25 N T=3.25 N .

Is My solution logically ok?

@Md Junaid Its not correct....the final result came same due to dimensions

Aaron Jerry Ninan - 3 years, 3 months ago

I guess. Since you've solved from the Third Law. Note that I've not checked it completely. If you have assumed something, please put up.

Kishore S. Shenoy - 3 years, 3 months ago

your solution is correct his solution is wrong according to me

Karthik Sai - 2 years, 10 months ago

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Both are same, right

Kishore S. Shenoy - 2 years, 10 months ago

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