A number theory problem by Paola Ramírez

1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × × 100 \large \lfloor\sqrt{1}\rfloor\times\lfloor\sqrt{2}\rfloor\times\lfloor\sqrt{3}\rfloor\times\lfloor\sqrt{4}\rfloor\times\cdots \times\lfloor\sqrt{100}\rfloor

Find the trailing number of zeros of the product above.

Notation : \lfloor \cdot \rfloor denotes the floor function .


The answer is 12.

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3 solutions

Sabhrant Sachan
May 10, 2016

If you inspect the Problem closely , you will see a pattern . Let me show you from 1 to 3 We get 1. from 4 to 8 We get 2. from 9 to 15 We get 3. We can generalize This particular sequence as 10 n = 1 9 n 2 n + 1 To find the answer , we must find the power of 5 because power of 2 is more than 5 But i am still going to calculate it Power of 5 = 5 11 Power of 2 [when n=2,4,6,8] = 2 5 × 2 18 × 2 13 × 2 51 = 2 87 10 × ( 5 11 × 2 11 ) A n s = 12 \text{If you inspect the Problem closely , you will see a pattern . Let me show you } \\ \text{from } \lfloor{\sqrt1}\rfloor \text{ to } \lfloor{\sqrt{3}}\rfloor\text{We get 1. } \\ \text{from } \lfloor{\sqrt4}\rfloor \text{ to } \lfloor{\sqrt{8}}\rfloor\text{We get 2. } \\ \text{from } \lfloor{\sqrt9}\rfloor \text{ to } \lfloor{\sqrt{15}}\rfloor\text{We get 3. } \\ \text{We can generalize This particular sequence as }\\ \implies 10\displaystyle\prod_{n=1}^{9}n^{2n+1} \\ \text{To find the answer , we must find the power of 5 because power of 2 is more than 5} \\ \text{But i am still going to calculate it } \\ \text{Power of 5 = }5^{11} \\ \text{Power of 2 [when n=2,4,6,8] = }2^5\times2^{18}\times2^{13}\times2^{51}=2^{87} \\ \implies 10\times(5^{11}\times2^{11}) \\ Ans= \boxed{12}

Could be possible generalize for n n ?

Paola Ramírez - 5 years ago
Ayush G Rai
May 10, 2016

this problem can be re-written as 100 ! \sqrt{100!} .We know the fact that 100! has 24 trailing zeroes and so when you square root 100!, the number of trailing zeroes becomes half of the number of trailing zeroes of 100!
[eg.100 has 2 trailing zeroes whereas 100 \sqrt{100} =10 has 1 trailing zero.]

Hmm I think Abhishek is right. Are you missing that floor function?.The question is not equivalent to 100 ! \sqrt { 100! } .

For more, just to verify this to you (not to discourage you), 100 ! \sqrt { 100! } has a factor of 99 \sqrt{99} whereas the expression in the problem don't. You may proceed to find out how this coincidence worked here!

Mayank Chaturvedi - 5 years, 1 month ago

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thank you .I have now understood the mistake..+1

Ayush G Rai - 5 years, 1 month ago

This problem cant be re written as root of 100 factorial because the pattern goes like this 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3......... I too thought it in the same way you thought ,but i then realized that it is wrong

abhishek alva - 5 years, 1 month ago

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what pattern are you talking about?

Ayush G Rai - 5 years, 1 month ago

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the pattern is 1#1#1#2#2#2#2#2#3#3#3#3#3#3#3........ where # is multiplication

abhishek alva - 5 years, 1 month ago

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@Abhishek Alva but my solution is an easier way to solve it.by the way you understood my solution right and also try out my quesions.i did not understand your solution.

Ayush G Rai - 5 years, 1 month ago
Jun Arro Estrella
Dec 28, 2016

We are seeking for the number of times 5 will appear on the expression. (The 2's don't matter because clearly, there are more 2's than 5's)

So between 36 36 and 25 25 there are 12 entries of 5 s 5's hence, our answer.

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