5 x + 4 + 5 y + 4 + 5 z + 4
Let x , y and z be non-negative reals satisfying x + y + z = 1 . Find the minimum value of the expression above.
Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
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Good solution
Let a = 5 x + 4 , b = 5 y + 4 , and c = 5 z + 4
Squaring each expression gives:
a 2 = 5 x + 4 , b 2 = 5 y + 4 and c 2 = 5 z + 4
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 is therefore 5 ( x + y + z ) + 1 2 = 5 ( 1 ) + 1 2 = 1 7 Knowing that :
( a + b + c ) 2 ≤ 3 ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
Plugging in the values gives:
( a + b + c ) ≤ 3 ( 1 7 )
the minimum is therefore 5 1
you mean the maximum ?
By observation, we can see the expession reach its minimum when ( x , y , z ) = ( 1 ; 0 ; 0 ) and its permutations, so put in the values, we get f ( x , y , z ) ≥ 7 , now we need to prove this statement is true
Without losing generality, we assume that x ≥ y ≥ z , then we have z ∈ [ 0 ; 3 1 ] . It's easy to prove that f ( x ; y ; z ) ≥ f ( x ; z ; z ) , so now we consider f ( x ; z ; z ) = 5 x + 4 + 2 5 z + 4 The condition becomes x + 2 z = 1 ⇒ x = 1 − 2 z ∴ f ( x ; z ; z ) = 9 − 1 0 z + 2 5 z + 4 Now we need to show that f ( x ; z ; z ) ≥ 7 ⇔ 9 − 1 0 z + 2 5 z + 4 ≥ 7 ⇔ 2 2 5 z 2 − 1 4 0 z ≤ 0 ( T r u e f o r e v e r y z ∈ [ 0 ; 3 1 ] ) The L H S decrease in the interval [ 0 ; 3 1 ] , and f ( 0 ) > f ( 3 1 ) so the equality holds when z = 0 ⇒ y = 0 ; x = 1 and its permutations
In the statement of the problem, it is x+y+z=1, not a+b+c=1. Good problem and solution!
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i am getting a different answer if i use A.M - G.M
x + y + z = 1 ⟹ ( 5 x + 4 ) + ( 5 y + 4 ) + ( 5 z + 4 ) = 1 7 3 ( 5 x + 4 ) + ( 5 y + 4 ) + ( 5 z + 4 ) ≥ ( ( 5 x + 4 ) ⋅ ( 5 y + 4 ) ⋅ ( 5 z + 4 ) ) 3 1 3 1 7 ≥ ( ( 5 x + 4 ) ⋅ ( 5 y + 4 ) ⋅ ( 5 z + 4 ) ) 3 1 ( 3 1 7 ) 2 1 ≥ ( ( 5 x + 4 ) 2 1 ⋅ ( 5 y + 4 ) 2 1 ⋅ ( 5 z + 4 ) 2 1 ) 3 1 3 ( 5 x + 4 ) + ( 5 y + 4 ) + ( 5 z + 4 ) ≥ ( 3 1 7 ) 2 1 ≥ ( ( 5 x + 4 ) 2 1 ⋅ ( 5 y + 4 ) 2 1 ⋅ ( 5 z + 4 ) 2 1 ) 3 1 ( 5 x + 4 ) + ( 5 y + 4 ) + ( 5 z + 4 ) ≥ 3 ⋅ ( 3 1 7 ) 2 1 = 7 . 1 4
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How did you conclude that the asked expression is greater than ( 1 7 / 3 ) 1 / 2 ? I think that your penultimate step is a mistake.
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@Mateo Matijasevick – Oh , yes you are right .. if a > c and b > c we cannot say a > b or b > a .
This question becomes extremely easy if we use Mean Power Inequality .
Also, you must specify the values at which equality is attained @Gurīdo Cuong .
Can we use A.M >=G.M
Apply Cauchy Schwarz Inequality .a1=1, b1=(5x+4)^(1÷2) and similarly for a2, b2,a3, b3 we get , (a1b1+a2b2+a3b3)^2 = < (a1^2 +a2^2 +a3^2)(b1^2 +b2^2 +b3^2) by substituting we get the desired result .note: in a1 "1" is the subscript.
This was a very easy question. This would definitely be in level 1.
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This solution is wrong.He has calculated the maximum to be 5 1 .He has not calculated the minimum
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My solution:Call the expression is A
Because of a + b + c = 1 and a ; b ; c ≥ 0 so we have 0 ≤ a ; b ; c ≤ 1 .
From that we can see that a ≥ a 2 ; b ≥ b 2 ; c ≥ c 2
So that we have ∑ 5 a + 4 = ∑ a + 4 a + 4 ≥ ∑ a 2 + 4 a + 4 = ∑ a + 2
And A ≥ a + b + c + 6 = 7
The equality holds when a = b = 0 ; c = 1 or it's permutation.