What is the remainder when 5 5 5 5 5 is divided by 10000?
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Let $X$ be $5^5555$ we know that $X \equiv 0 (mod 5^4) \rightarrow X= 5^4 k and $X \equiv (5^4)^1388 \times 5^3 (mod 2^4)$ $X \equiv (1)^1388 \times 125 (mod 2^4)$ $X \equiv 13 (mod 2^4)$ $5^4 k \equiv 13 (mod 2^4)$ $ k \equiv 13 (mod 16)$ $k= 16m +13$ $X= 5^4 \times (16m+13) $ $X= 10000m +8125$ $X \equiv 8125(mod10000)
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FYI - To type equations in Latex, you just need to add \ ( \ ) (no spaces) around your math code.
Updated. Thanks @Kaan Dokmeci
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(It doesn't appear).
You need to use \ ( \ ) without the spaces in between the \ and (
Ex: \ ( x^2 \ ) x 2
"note that 5 8 ≡ 1 ( m o d 2 4 ) " you should probably say how that is a result of Euler's totient theorem, or else it looks like you were just fishing for a coincidence and happened to get one.
Euler's totient theorem being that a ϕ ( n ) ≡ 1 ( m o d n ) for those unaware.
Surely, I will give you a solution.
Analyze the problem using modulo arithmetic. Finding remainder of divison by 10000 is same as finding last 4 digits. Thus we can write 5^5555 as ( 5 6 ) 9 2 5 ∗ 5 5 . This expression will give us That 5^5555 is congruent to -1 modulo 5^6 as we just need one more 5 to get an expression divisible by 5^6. Thus answer will be 5^7 mod 1000 as 6-(-1)=7. Thus 8125.
You can also do this using totient. Hope this helped. Please upvote if you liked it
I do not understand what you are trying to say here.
"That 5^5555 is congruent to -1 modulo 5^6 " => But isn't 5^5555 congruent to 0 modulo 5^6?
Where did "thus 8125" come from? Can you explain how you got that number?
How did you use the totient? Can you explain that step?
@Krishna Ar Can you give me a good resource to understand modulo?
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Sure! Actually for modulo, you don't need anything other than the 5 basic rules! No jokes! Its as simple as that. But lemme tell you, the applications are very diverse. The rules are addition, subtraction, multiplication, divison and exponentiation all hold for modulo. Like if a =b (mod c); a+d=b+d(mod c) and so on. But these can be applied to solve complex problems and this is the essence of number theory. Hey, you said that you learned theorems and then went to WA to look for more. WHere did you first learn them form ( geo). Please upvote my "solution" above if you'd liked it. :). AND, anyway, where did you learn you algebra from? (just asking )
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Books and search and learn from AOPS. @Krishna Ar
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@Mardokay Mosazghi – Which book @Mardokay Mosazghi . By the way what problem solving strategies do you use?
I did it almost the same way but yes without even practically using modulo.
Let's analyze the last 4 digits when 5 is raised to some power:
5^4 = 625
5^5 = 3125
5^6 = 5625
5^7 = 8125
5^8 = 625.....
And hence it repeats itself. Therefore, now it's easy to find 5^5555 mod 10000 as the remainders are repeating after 4 terms(ask me in the comment section if you want to know how).
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Can you prove why it is so? @Kartik Sharma
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Its just the series, mere observation, hit and trial. May be this is a property of number 5!!!
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@Kartik Sharma – Ah! Wow! -_-
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@Krishna Ar – You don't seem convinced with that, I think.
BTW, I would recommend you to have a look at my set and become the first to finish it.
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@Kartik Sharma – But unfortunately I can't as I already made a mistake in it :(
FYI, Latex doesn't like the code a^b^c, because it doesn't know whether it should be ( a b ) c or a ( b c ) . Adding brackets helps it figure it out and displays it accurately.
5 4 = 6 2 5 ≡ 1 ( m o d 1 6 ) so 5 5 5 5 1 = 5 4 × 1 3 8 7 + 3 ≡ 5 3 ≡ 1 3 ( m o d 1 6 ) . Multiply through with 5 4 to find 5 5 5 5 5 ≡ 1 3 × 5 4 = 6 1 2 5 ( m o d 1 0 0 0 0 ) .
As 10000 is the divisor the remainder will be a 4-digit number.
So we must know the last four digits of 5 5 5 5 5 .
5 4 is 0625 and repeats itself every 4 times.
Divide 5555 by 4 remainder will be 3 so we can write the above question as ( 5 4 ) 1 3 8 8 * 5 3 .
In the first part the last 4 digits will be 0625 as explained and the second part will be 125. On multiplying them the last 4-digits will be 8125.
Basically 5 5 last 4 digits is 3125, 5 6 last 4 digits is 5625, and 5 7 last 4 digits is 8125.
So every time the remainder is 3 (4 mod (the power)) the last four digits will be 8125.
Because 4 mod 7 is 3 and 5 7 = 78125 = 5 4 * 5 3
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We wish to find 5 5 5 5 5 ( m o d 1 0 0 0 0 )
Let 5 5 5 5 5 ≡ A ( m o d 5 4 ) and 5 5 5 5 5 ≡ B ( m o d 2 4 ) It is obvious A = 0 and note that 5 8 ≡ 1 ( m o d 2 4 ) Thus, B ≡ 5 3 ≡ 1 3 ( m o d 2 4 ) and B = 1 3
Thus, we want to find a number N less than 1 0 0 0 0 that is:
0 ( m o d 6 2 5 )
1 3 ( m o d 1 6 )
Testing all the multiples we eventually find 8 1 2 5