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Algebra Level 5

{ a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 + + a 10 = 4 b 1 + b 2 + b 3 + b 4 + + b 10 = 1 \large \begin{cases}{a_{1} + a_{2} + a_{3} + a_{4} + \ldots + a_{10} = 4} \\ {b_{1} + b_{2} + b_{3} + b_{4} + \ldots + b_{10} = -1}\end{cases}

Let a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , , a 10 a_{1}, a_{2}, a_{3} , a_{4}, \ldots ,a_{10} and b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 , , b 10 b_{1}, b_{2}, b_{3} , b_{4}, \ldots ,b_{10} be real numbers such that they satisfy the system of equations above.

What is the minimum positive value of the expression below? ( a 1 2 + b 1 2 + a 2 2 + b 2 2 + + a 10 2 + b 10 2 ) 2 \left(\sqrt{a_{1}^{2} + b_{1}^{2}} + \sqrt{a_{2}^{2} + b_{2}^{2}} + \ldots + \sqrt{a_{10}^{2} + b_{10}^{2}}\right)^{2}

Also try this .


The answer is 17.

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2 solutions

Anirban Karan
May 22, 2015

Take ( a j , b j ) (a_{j},b_{j}) as points on complex plane. Then Z j = a j + i b j Z_{j} = a_{j}+ib_{j} and Z j = a j 2 + b j 2 |Z_{j}|=\sqrt{a_{j}^{2}+b_{j}^{2}} . Now Z 1 + Z 2 Z 1 + Z 2 |Z_{1}+Z_{2}| \leq |Z_{1}|+|Z_{2}| . This means j = 1 n Z j j = 1 n Z j |\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}Z_{j}| \leq \displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}|Z_{j}| . So minimum value of j = 1 n Z j \displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}|Z_{j}| is j = 1 n Z j |\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}Z_{j}| . Now j = 1 n Z j = j = 1 n a j + i j = 1 n b j = 4 i \displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}Z_{j}=\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}a_{j}+i\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}b_{j}=4-i . So minimum value of ( j = 1 n a j 2 + b j 2 ) 2 (\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{n}\sqrt{a_{j}^{2}+b_{j}^{2}})^{2} is 4 i 2 = 17 |4-i|^{2}=17

Grt idea .and good sol.

shivamani patil - 6 years ago
Trevor Arashiro
May 20, 2015

Note that this problem doesn't change for any value of n n

View each pair ( a i , b i ) (a_i,b_i) as a ordered pair in the Cartesian plane.

Now each square root a i 2 + b i 2 \sqrt{a_i^2+b_i^2} represents the distance from the origin to that point (the hypotenuse).

Assume that we put each hypotenuse tip to tail so that they extend in a line. This "trail of hypotenuses" no matter what each individual length is, will end at the point ( p , q ) (p,q)

Thus the overall length this trial will represent our sum. Which is obviously minimized when this length is straight. Or a i b i = λ \dfrac{a_i}{b_i}=\lambda

So here the minimum value is 4 2 + 1 2 = 17 4^2+1^2=17

Typo: "Length of this TRIAL"

Pi Han Goh - 6 years ago

Lol, been a while since I posted a min/max question

Trevor Arashiro - 6 years ago

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@Harsh Shrivastava post your solution.

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My solution uses Minkowski Inequality.

Harsh Shrivastava - 6 years ago

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@Harsh Shrivastava Would love to see that

Trevor Arashiro - 6 years ago

Oops, lol, the end of mine was intended for another problem. I revised it

Trevor Arashiro - 6 years ago

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