j = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 i = 1 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i j
Consider a polynomial P ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ 2 0 1 6 n 2 x 2 0 1 6 − n and { x i } i = 1 2 0 1 5 are the roots of P ( x ) = 0 .
Find the value of the expression above.
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Short and simple solution !!
If you prove that { S 2 n − 1 } n = 1 1 0 0 8 = − 4 and { S 2 n } n = 1 1 0 0 7 = − 2 then your solution will be awesome !!
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The roots of this polynomial are complex hence they have a tendency to repeat their values on odd-even powers.
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You did not prove that this is true, and even if what you said is true, it has nothing to do with the question at all.
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@Pi Han Goh – I don't know how to prove this, however I have observed this in most of the Newton-Giard identity related questions on Brilliant. Maybe it is related to the conjugate nature of roots.
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@Akshay Yadav – No, they are not related and they are irrelevant to the question.
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@Pi Han Goh – I would like to know how to prove this! Please guide me!
Assuming the answer is correct, you still have to prove that S odd = − 4 and S even = − 2 for all positive integer n .
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Well Akshat, first of all thanks for sharing such a delightful problem with the community.
Now here is the solution,
First we will construct the polynomial that is given in the question.
P ( x ) = ( 1 ) 2 x 2 0 1 5 + ( 2 ) 2 x 2 0 1 4 + . . . + ( 2 0 1 5 ) 2 x + ( 2 0 1 6 ) 2
⇒ P ( x ) = x 2 0 1 5 + 4 x 2 0 1 4 + . . . + 4 0 6 0 2 2 5 x + 4 0 6 4 2 5 6
Note that x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , . . . , x 2 0 1 5 are the roots of the above polynomial,
Now the expression whose value we need to calculate,
j = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i j
⇒ i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i 0 + i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i 1 + i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i 2 + . . . + i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i 2 0 1 5
In Newton's Sum Method , we write i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 5 x i j = S j
So,
S 0 + S 1 + S 2 + . . . + S 2 0 1 5
Now applying the Newton's Sum Identities,
( 1 ) S 1 + ( 1 ) ( 4 ) = 0 ⇒ S 1 = − 4
( 1 ) S 2 + ( 4 ) ( − 4 ) + ( 2 ) ( 9 ) = 0 ⇒ S 2 = − 2
( 1 ) S 3 + ( 4 ) ( − 2 ) + ( 9 ) ( − 4 ) + ( 3 ) ( 1 6 ) = 0 ⇒ S 3 = − 4
( 1 ) S 4 + ( 4 ) ( − 4 ) + ( 9 ) ( − 2 ) + ( 1 6 ) ( − 4 ) + ( 4 ) ( 2 5 ) = 0 ⇒ S 4 = − 2
⋮
S 2 0 1 4 = − 2
S 2 0 1 5 = − 4
Now just adding all the valuse,
⇒ 2 0 1 5 + 1 0 0 8 ( − 4 ) + 1 0 0 7 ( − 2 )
⇒ − 4 0 3 1