Can we minimize it?

Algebra Level 5

x y ( x 2 y 2 ) = x 2 + y 2 \large xy(x^2-y^2)=x^2+y^2

If x x and y y are non-zero real numbers satisfying the equation above, find the minimum value of x 2 + y 2 x^2+y^2 to 3 decimal places.


The answer is 4.000.

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2 solutions

X X
Aug 4, 2018

Let x = r cos t , y = r sin t x=r\cos t,y=r\sin t

Then r 4 cos t sin t ( cos 2 t sin 2 t ) = r 2 , r 2 × sin 2 t 2 × cos 2 t = 1 , r 2 × sin 4 t 4 = 1 r^4\cos t\sin t (\cos^2t-\sin^2t)=r^2,r^2\times\dfrac{\sin 2t}2\times\cos 2t=1,r^2\times\dfrac{\sin 4t}4=1

We are looking for the minimum of r 2 = 4 sin 4 t r^2=\dfrac4{\sin 4t}

Of course,the minimum happens when sin 4 t = 1 , r 2 = 4 \sin 4t=1,r^2=4

Did the same way and a nice solution.

D K - 2 years, 10 months ago

Nice solution.

Shreyansh Mukhopadhyay - 2 years, 9 months ago

I did it all right but unfortunately at last I forgot to square root the answer. My answer came (x²+y²)²=16. And I wrote 16. So ,I can't write the solution. But I want to give a different solution. Can I give it? Please you write the solution for me. xy(x²-y²)=(x²+y²) Let, xy=u and (x²+y²)=v The equation becomes u²(v²-4u²)=v². or, v²=4[u²-1+1/(u²+1)]+8 Now minimum value of [u²-1+1/(u²-1)] is 2 Then the minimum value of v²=16, so the minimum value of v=4,v>0.

Alapan Das - 2 years, 2 months ago

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(I thought you had three chances?) I think you can leave your comment here, and people will see your solution.

X X - 2 years, 2 months ago

Let x 2 = p x^2=p , y 2 = q y^2={q}

So we have x y ( p q ) = p + q \large xy(p-q)=p+q

Squaring both sides,

p q ( p q ) 2 = ( p + q ) 2 \large pq(p-q)^2=(p+q)^2

p q ( p + q ) 2 4 ( p q ) 2 = ( p + q ) 2 \large\Rightarrow pq(p+q)^2-4(pq)^2=(p+q)^2

( p q 1 ) ( p + q ) 2 = 4 ( p q ) 2 \large\Rightarrow (pq-1)(p+q)^2=4(pq)^2

( p + q ) 2 = 4 ( p q ) 2 p q 1 \large\Rightarrow (p+q)^2=\frac{4(pq)^2}{pq-1}

Therefore min [ ( p + q ) 2 ] = min [ 4 ( p q ) 2 p q 1 ] \large\min{[(p+q)^2]}=\min{[\frac{4(pq)^2}{pq-1}}]

Now we know, ( p q 2 ) 2 0 \large(pq-2)^2\geq0

( p q ) 2 4 p q + 4 0 \large\Rightarrow (pq)^2-4pq+4\geq0

( p q ) 2 4 ( p q 1 ) \large\Rightarrow (pq)^2\geq4(pq-1)

( p q ) 2 p q 1 4 \large\Rightarrow \frac{(pq)^2}{pq-1}\geq4

4 ( p q ) 2 p q 1 16 \large\Rightarrow \frac{4(pq)^2}{pq-1}\geq16

( p + q ) 2 16 \large\Rightarrow (p+q)^2\geq16

( p + q ) 4 \large\Rightarrow (p+q)\geq4

( x 2 + y 2 ) 4 \large\Rightarrow (x^2+y^2)\geq\boxed{4}

Your very first assumption is wrong, You can't let x = p x=\sqrt{p} and y = q y=\sqrt{q} unless it is mentioned that they are non-negative .

Vilakshan Gupta - 2 years, 9 months ago

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Yes, you are correct. Actually I think I have done this problem before. However I can't recall where, so I brought it to its original form for my convention. The approach would remain the same. Still I will edit it very soon. Thanks.

Shreyansh Mukhopadhyay - 2 years, 9 months ago

@Vilakshan Gupta , edited. Did you give PRMO today?

Shreyansh Mukhopadhyay - 2 years, 9 months ago

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Yes... and it was really bad...what about u?

Vilakshan Gupta - 2 years, 9 months ago

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@Vilakshan Gupta Mine was also not great, but the cutoffs in Chhattisgargh are low so I think that I would qualifiy. How much did you attempt?

Shreyansh Mukhopadhyay - 2 years, 9 months ago

Answer keys are out , how much are you getting?

Shreyansh Mukhopadhyay - 2 years, 9 months ago

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