A and B are positive real numbers such that A > B , A 2 + B 2 = 3 4 , A B = 1 5 . What is A 2 − B 2 ?
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Note it is tempting to assume the values are integers, although they are given as real numbers. An appropriate proof would need to work with algebraic identities, as this one does (as well as the other top-rated proofs).
In a contest scenario where only the numerical answer is desired (and we can assume the answer is unique / correct), a solution that just involves quickly finding a substitution that works is also acceptable (as Soso La's solution does further down).
Make sense
I agree that your derivation is correct. I don't see how to have thought of it though. Can you elaborate on how it came to mind for you?
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There are many ways to solve this problem, but my first instinct was to factor A 2 − B 2 as ( A + B ) ( A − B ) , after which I knew I could evaluate separately ( A + B ) and ( A − B ) with the given values of A 2 + B 2 and A B .
This is so smart
I do not understand anything
Relevant wiki: System of Equations - Substitution
From A B = 1 5 , let B = A 1 5 and substitute into A 2 + B 2 = 3 4 :
A 2 + A 2 1 5 2 A 2 A 4 + A 2 2 2 5 A 2 A 4 + 2 2 5 A 4 + 2 2 5 A 4 − 3 4 A 2 + 2 2 5 ( A 2 − 2 5 ) ( A 2 − 9 ) = 3 4 = 3 4 = 3 4 = 3 4 A 2 = 0 = 0
Looking at positive solutions only, this gives us A = 5 or A = 3 . When A takes one value B takes the other, and A > B , so A = 5 and B = 3 . This gives a final answer of 5 2 − 3 2 = 2 5 − 9 = 1 6 .
How did you get a^4 on the second line?
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I believe he has over complicated it but another way of writing A^2 is A^4/A^2. It would be easier if he has multiplied through by A^2 on the first line.
Relevant wiki: Algebraic Identities
( A 2 + B 2 ) 2 − ( A 2 − B 2 ) 2 3 4 2 − ( A 2 − B 2 ) 2 ( A 2 − B 2 ) 2 A 2 − B 2 = = = = 4 ( A B ) 2 4 × 1 5 2 3 4 2 − 4 × 1 5 2 = 2 5 6 = 1 6 2 1 6 , − 1 6
But since A > B , then A 2 − B 2 > 0 , so A 2 − B 2 = 1 6 only.
However, is there a solution for A and B ?
A + B = 8 , A − B = 2 ⟹ A = 5 , B = 3 .
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Yeahh. It's important to verify for the existence of A and B . For example, if we replaced all the squares with cubes, then there's no solution.
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True. With the cubes case, with A 3 + B 3 = 3 4 we would require A B ≤ 1 7 2 / 3 ≈ 6 . 6 1 in order to have a real solution. If we were to drop the conditions that A , B are real and that A > B then I believe A 3 − B 3 = 1 1 1 .
I suppose asking for A 3 − B 3 given that A > B , A 3 + B 3 = 3 5 , A B = 6 would make for a good follow-up.
Hello! Sir. If you don't mind can you checkout my solution whether it's correct or not. :)
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Yup correct. Upvoted
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@Pi Han Goh – Sir, I'm glad that you liked it. :) :)
Smart and clear answer, good. 👍
@Pi Han Goh small and good solution.
There is two variables and two independent equation, so there will be solution and unique
good solution!!
2 A B = 3 0
A 2 + B 2 + 2 A B = 3 4 + 3 0 = 6 4 ⟹ ( A + B ) 2 = 6 4 ⟹ A + B = 8
A 2 + B 2 − 2 A B = 3 4 − 3 0 = 4 ⟹ ( A − B ) 2 = 4 ⟹ A − B = 2
( A + B ) ( A − B ) = A 2 − B 2 = 8 ∗ 2 = 1 6
Dang!! y'all are to smart, even if I still got it right the why i thought it up was eh?!
'' so what equals 15''
( 5 times 3)
5 to power of 2 =25
3 to power of 2 =9
then,25 + 9 = 34
25 - 9 = 16
yayyyyy!!!?
Exactly how I did it! Seemed so easy
That seems to work, but there are infinite pairs of positive reals whose product is 15
Squaring the equation A B = 1 5 gives A 2 B 2 = 2 2 5 . Now let x = A 2 and y = B 2 . Our equations become x + y = 3 4 , x y = 2 2 5 . By Vieta, x and y are roots of the quadratic x 2 − 3 4 x + 2 2 5 . We can factor this as ( x − 9 ) ( x − 2 5 ) , so we see that x = A 2 = 2 5 and y = B 2 = 9 . Our desired quantity is A 2 − B 2 = 2 5 − 9 = 1 6 .
This is how I solved this problem only I was doing it in my head and I came up with the wrong factors in my head. I need more practice at solving quadratic equations in my head.
All numbers given in the problem, including answers, are integers. So it is reasonable to attempt to find integer solutions for A and B .
The product A B = 1 5 = 5 ⋅ 3 . Since A > B , let's set A = 5 , B = 3 .
Let's check the value of A 2 + B 2 . It is indeed 5 2 + 3 2 = 2 5 + 9 = 3 4 .
So our guess does satisfy all conditions and A 2 − B 2 = 5 2 − 3 2 = 2 5 − 9 = 1 6 .
What i find is that ,"The sum of square of two distinct primes greater than 2 is always an even number which follows as ± 2 m o d ( 4 ) " ie p 1 2 + p 2 2 = e e ≡ ± 2 m o d ( 4 ) . See note in comment section.
Since 3 4 ≡ ± 2 m o d ( 4 ) , so A and B must be two distinct primes less that 7 since 7 2 > 3 4 . Hence, A = 5 and B = 3 as A > B . Therefore , A 2 − B 2 = 2 5 − 9 = 1 6
Similar problem
The sum of square of two distinct primes greater than 2 is always an even number which follows as ± 2 m o d ( 4 ) ie p 1 2 + p 2 2 = e e ≡ ± 2 m o d ( 4 ) . Primes are odd numbers greater than 2. Therefore, let p 1 = 2 n 1 ± 1 and p 2 = 2 n 2 ± 1 where n 1 and n 2 > 1 . Now p 1 2 + p 2 2 = ( 2 n 1 ± 1 ) 2 + ( 2 n 2 ± 1 ) 2 e = 4 n 1 2 ± 4 n 1 + 4 n 2 2 ± 4 n 2 + 2 = 4 ( n 1 2 + n 2 2 ± n 1 ± n 2 ) + 2 OR e = 4 n 1 2 ± 4 n 1 + 4 n 2 2 ± 4 n 2 + 4 − 2 = 4 ( n 1 2 + n 2 2 ± n 1 ± n 2 + 1 ) − 2 shows that when an even number e is divisible by 4 leaving the remainder ± 2 . Hence it is true .
It is not stated that A and B are integers, so they need not be primes.
A 2 − B 2 = = = ( A − B ) ( A + B ) ( ( A − B ) 2 ) ⋅ ( ( A + B ) 2 ) ( A 2 + B 2 − 2 A B ) ⋅ ( A 2 + B 2 + 2 A B )
Given that A^2 + B^2 equals a maximum of 34 and A is always less than B, with quick intuitive trail and error we can test numbers starting with 6.
6^2 = 36 which is > 34, implying that A can not be > 5 and hence, B < 5. Setting A = 5, we can calculate A^2 = 25.
Then we see that 34 - 25 = 9 to satisfy the equation. For B^2 = 9, then B = 3
Therefore, A^2 - B^2 = 5^2 - 3^2 = 25 - 9 = 16
Solución: 15 = 3 . 5 (5x5) + (3x3)= 34 5.3 = 15 5>3 A=5 B=3 25 - 9 = 16
AB =15, A^2 + B^2 = 34 imply A^2 + 2AB +B^2 = (A + B)^2 = 64 imply A + B = 8. A^2 - 2AB + B^2 = (A - B)^2 =4 imply A - B = 2. Then A^2 - B^2 = (A - B)(A + B) =2*8=16. Ed Gray
( A + B ) 2 = A 2 + B 2 + 2 A B = 3 4 + 3 0 = 6 4
This means: A + B = 8 ; B = 8 − A
So: A B = A ⋅ ( 8 − A ) = 8 A − A 2 = 1 5
Then: A 2 − 8 A + 1 5 = 0
♤A =5, ♧A= 3
Being A>B
A= 5 ; B = 3.
A 2 − B 2 = 2 5 − 9 = 1 6
The factors of 15 are 1,15 and 3,5. 25+9 = 34 25-9 = 16
15 is only 15 x 1 or 5 x3
We know 15^2 > 32 so it must be 5 and 3
We know a > b
So a = 5,b = 3
5^2-3^2
= 25 - 9
=16
It is not stated that A and B are integers, so they need not be primes.
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so that the answer is
( a 2 − b 2 ) = 6 4 ⋅ 4 = 1 6
DONT TRY TOO HARD
Step 1: A Square + B Square = 34
It means the squares of both A and B must be less than 34
Step 2: Find squares less than 34 They are 25, 16, 9, 4, 1
Step 3: Among these which of them adds up to give 34? 25 and 9.
Step 4: So A and B might be 5 and 3, satisfying the conditions --->> A>B as well as A,B are positive real numbers.
Step 5: A square - B square = 5 square - 3 square = 16
Using prime factorization we find that AB=15 means that either A or B has to be 5 and the other variable has to be 3. Since A>B, A=5 and B=3.
5^2 - 3^2 = 25 - 9 = 16
(The Term A^2 + B^2 = 34 isn't necessary to solve the problem)
(A+B)^2=A^2+B^2+2AB (A+B)^2=34+2*15 (A+B)^2=64 A+B=8 A=8-B AB=15 (8-B)B=15 B^2-8B+15=0 (B-5)(B-3)=0 B=3(A>B) A=5 A^2-B^2=25-9 =16
Since AB=15 and prime factorization of 15 is 3×5 or 5×3 we can compare it with A and B. So A =5 and B =3
We know that (A+B)^2= A^2+B^2+2AB Or. (A+B)^2-2AB= A^2+B^2 Therefore (A+B)^2-2AB= 34 (A+B)^2- 30= 34. (Because AB=15) (A+B)^2= 64 And. A+B= 8 We get A= 8-B Putting the value of A AB=15 B(8-B)= 15 Or B^2-5B-3B+15=0 (B-3)(B-5)=0. Therefore B= 5 or 3 As we have given that A>B so B=3 Putting the value of B in eq. AB=15 We get A=5 And so lastly we can easily calculate A^2-B^2=? 5^2-3^2= 16
All the possible answers are natural numbers, so it's a good idea to focus on them only. The only way to make AB=15 supposing A and B are naturals, and knowing that A>B, is to make A=5 and B=3. This solution also satisfies the first equality. So the answers to the problem must be 16.
For two numbers , Say we have 6 and 8
8² - 6² => 64 - 36 = 28
But on the other side we can solve it by (A - B )² = ( A + B )( A - B )
( 8 + 6 ) ( 8 - 6 ) => 14 * 2 = 28
Since A*B=15 and it can only be formed by pairs of (3,5) or (5,3) excluding (15,1) so according to question A is greater than B so A has to be 5 that means (A^2)-(B^2)= 25-9=16.
A & B are positive real numbers, such that A > B , A 2 + B 2 = 3 4 , A B = 1 5
Factors of 15 are 1, 3, 5, 15. 15 squared is 225, which is much greater than 34. The only other options are 1, 3, and 5. 1 2 = 1 and 3 4 − 1 = 3 3 . 33 isn't a square number.
This leaves 5 2 + 3 2 = 3 4 ⟹ 2 5 + 9 = 3 4 therefore A = 5 B = 3
Then we only need to substitute and get 2 5 − 9 = 1 6
A²+B²=(A+B)²-2AB A²+B²+2AB=(A+B)² (A+B)²=34+30=64 (A+B)=8 If A+B=8, and A>B, and AB=15, then A must be 5, and B must be 3. So: A²-B²=(A+B)(A-B)=(5+3)(5-3)=16
AB=15 so AxB is 15. what can it be? 5x3=15. AxA is 5x5= 25. If you want 34, then it has to be B=9. BxB is 3x3=9 and this is correct. So now you know that A is 5 or 3 and B 5 or 3. A>B so 5 is A and 3 is B. AxA-BxB is simply 25-9=16.
Make A or B the subject one the last formula, then use substitution to solve for A or B in the second formula (you could use the third formula and use the second formula for the initial step, but that is unnecessarily inconvenient), and then solve the other variable, and then solve the problem (you could do it more efficiently in multiple ways but that would take too long to explain). I personally just used trial and error as this was an integer and I was too lazy to actually solve for the issue properly.
15 = 1×15 or 3×5
So if A = 15 and B = 1,
A squared + B squared = 225 + 1 = 226
However, the question states that A squared + B squared = 34.
So let's try A = 5 and B = 3,
A squared + B squared = 25 + 9 = 34.
So A squared - B squared = 25 - 9 = 16
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Relevant wiki: System of Equations - Substitution
( A + B ) 2 = A 2 + B 2 + 2 A B = 3 4 + 2 × 1 5 = 6 4 ⟹ A + B = 6 4 = 8 , where we took the positive root as A , B > 0 .
Next, ( A − B ) 2 = ( A + B ) 2 − 4 A B = 6 4 − 4 × 1 5 = 4 ⟹ A − B = 4 = 2 , where again we took the positive root, this time since A > B .
Finally, A 2 − B 2 = ( A + B ) ( A − B ) = 8 × 2 = 1 6 .
In response to Pi Han Goh's query, given A > B we have that A + B = 8 , A − B = 2 ⟹ A = 5 , B = 3 .