From the vertex of the parabola , two distinct chords are drawn which intersect the parabola at two distinct points and . Two circles are then drawn with chords and as their respective diameters. These circles intersect each other at two points, at and at another point inside the parabola, . Let and be the respective gradients of the tangents to the parabola at and respectively and be the gradient of the line . Find the value of in terms of .
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Let P ≡ ( a t 1 2 , 2 a t 1 ) and Q ≡ ( a t 2 2 , 2 a t 2 ) be the two parametric points on the parabola y 2 = 4 a x .
Now,
Equation of circle ( O P as diameter) C 1 ≡ x ( x − a t 1 2 ) + y ( y − 2 a t 1 ) = 0 ⟹ x 2 + y 2 − a t 1 2 x − 2 a t 1 y = 0
Equation of circle ( O Q as diameter) C 2 ≡ x ( x − a t 2 2 ) + y ( y − 2 a t 1 ) = 0 ⟹ x 2 + y 2 − a t 2 2 x − 2 a t 2 y = 0
Since O R is a common chord for C 1 and C 2 , therefore its equation is:
C 1 − C 2 ≡ a t 2 2 x − a t 1 2 x + 2 a t 2 y − 2 a t 1 y = 0 ⟹ ( t 1 + t 2 ) x + 2 y = 0
whose gradient is given by,
tan φ = − 2 ( t 1 + t 2 ) ⋯ ( 1 )
Now,
Gradient of tangent to the parabola y 2 = 4 a x at t 1 = t 1 1
Gradient of tangent to the parabola y 2 = 4 a x at t 2 = t 2 1
So,
tan θ 1 = t 1 1 ⟹ cot θ 1 = t 1 tan θ 2 = t 2 1 ⟹ cot θ 2 = t 2
Thus, from ( 1 ) ,
tan φ = − 2 ( cot θ 1 + cot θ 2 ) ∴ cot θ 1 + cot θ 2 = − 2 tan φ