∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) ) ] d x
If the integral above equals to A π A − B for integers A , B , what is the value of A + B ?
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
Could you explain the third step for me? PLEASE.....
Log in to reply
Sure Ashley, the integration by parts bit?
Log in to reply
No, the addition of two equations. There you have replaced "u" with "x". I don't understand that
Log in to reply
@Ashley Shamidha – Ahh, sure :)
We have ( 1 ) I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) ) ] d x And by making the u = − x sub we found out ( 2 ) I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( u ) ( u 2 + ln ( π − u π + u ) ) ] d u But here, u is just a dummy variable. We can call it whatever we want. We can rewrite the equation (2) as ( 2 ) I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π − x π + x ) ) ] d x
Then adding (1) and (2) together we get
2 I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) ) ] d x + ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π − x π + x ) ) ] d x 2 I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( 2 x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) + ln ( π − x π + x ) ) ] d x
The logs cancel out because ln ( x ) + ln ( x 1 ) = ln ( x ) + ln ( x − 1 ) = ln ( x ) − ln ( x ) = 0
Log in to reply
@Isaac Buckley – Is it correct to replace (-x) with (x) ?
Log in to reply
@Ashley Shamidha – No. It then stops becoming a variable.
If x = − x then you're saying 2 x = 0 ⟹ x = 0
Log in to reply
@Isaac Buckley – then how can you replace "u=-x" with x?
Log in to reply
@Ashley Shamidha – I'm really sorry if I'm bugging you, but I'm weak at this topic.
Log in to reply
@Ashley Shamidha – You're not bugging me at all. You show a passion for knowledge and you're making me think :) I love to think!
I think the problem is because integration must become over a variable. by letting u = − x you're changing the variable so the integral is simplified and easily manipulated. If you let x = − x you're not changing variables. You've just created an equation for x . It ceases to be a variable when you do that.
Log in to reply
@Isaac Buckley – Also I hope you can see why you are allowed to change the dummy variable. You're not making a sub, but rather just a relabelling.
∫ f ( x ) d x = ∫ f ( u ) d u
Log in to reply
@Isaac Buckley – Somewhat I understood. Thanks for spending your time.
Log in to reply
@Ashley Shamidha – No problem :) im sure someone who knows a lot more than I do can answer your question better if they see this.
@Isaac Buckley – I have to read more topics on integration.
Problem Loading...
Note Loading...
Set Loading...
Let I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) ) ] d x
By letting u = − x the integral becomes
I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( u ) ( u 2 + ln ( π − u π + u ) ) ] d u
If we add these together we find
2 I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π [ cos ( x ) ( 2 x 2 + ln ( π + x π − x ) + ln ( π − x π + x ) ) ] d x
Notice how the logs cancel.
⟹ I = ∫ − 2 π 2 π x 2 cos ( x ) d x
This can be integrated by parts and is evaluated to be I = 2 π 2 − 8