Consider the sequence a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , … where
a 1 = 1 , a 2 = 3 , a n = a n − 1 a n − 2
for n ≥ 3 . Calculate the remainder when a 5 1 4 is divided by 1 1 .
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Nice approach bro!!!
Hey, I'm from Akola too, wanna catch up sometime.
How did you find F 5 1 3 ≡ 8 ( m o d 1 0 ) ?
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Because we have the generalization of any recurrence relation, but in this case, it's easier to use "Wolfram" ... :P
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last digit sequence repeats after every 60 terms... I hope this can be helpful!!
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@Kartik Sharma – You calculated this and found out...right????
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@Jayakumar Krishnan – Yeah!! But still I then re-checked it with the help of some python software!!!
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@Kartik Sharma – Oh...you know to code this in Python??????????/
Why do u use Wolfram every time like mads.sam
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@Akhilesh Bais – 100% guarantee this is @Dinesh Chavan using another account. @Calvin Lin sir, please check the location from where the account 'Akhilesh Bais' was used, surely it is same as 'Dinesh Chavan's . This account has been made just for commenting spam on my solutions and posts, and the user always tries to comment something I don't like. Please block the account from commenting things on my posts, this was seen commenting such thing also on one of my posts "just a little help, if you can do". Also, they said to me they will comment things on all my problems' discussions and notes. And i can't report each and every of them. If you see activity of this account, it just upvotes Dinesh Chavan's solutions and comments things on my posts. Please block it.
I checked it using only javascript code. I used the typical fibonacci list generator code and instead adding terms directly I imported LongNumber library to optimize the operations (LongNumber library does not manipulate numbers as Number but as String). So I got 3^72639767602615659833415769076743441675530755653534 07065318454654006347057680635769295302786147773672 6533858 and by applying FLT since 11 is prime, I got the answer. This kind of problem can be approach using Math only, Computer only or Both. :)
Is there any method without logarithms?
The given series can be written as 3^0, 3^1, 3^1, 3^2, 3^3, 3^5...=> 3 to the power of fibonacci series from second term. 3^5 leaves remainder of 1 when divided by 11. Every fifth Fibonacci number is the multiple of five. 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 and so on. First term, sixth term, eleventh term etc. of the given series leaves the remainder of 1... Divide the Fibonacci series by 5 and write remainder alone. 1 1 2 3 0 3 3 1 4 0 4 4 3 2 0 2 2 4 1 0 1 1 2 3 0 . This remainder series start recuring from 20th term. Hence 513/20 leaves 13 as remainder. The thirteenth term in that remainder series (which is obtained by dividing Fibonacci series by 5) is 3. Hence 3^3/11 => 27/11 leaves 5 as remainder .
I simply wrote down the recursion .I was lucky enough to find a repitition of the residues mod 11 after 20 terms.
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a 1 = 3 0 , a 2 = 3 1 , a n = a n − 1 a n − 2
Thus if we define b n = lo g 3 ( a n ) then we get a recurrence
b n = b n − 1 + b n − 2 with start conditions b 1 = 0 , b 2 = 1
Thus we get b n = F n − 1 where F n is n t h term of the fibonacci sequence.
Hence b 5 1 4 = F 5 1 3 ≡ 8 ( m o d 1 0 ) (we count this in ( m o d 1 0 ) to apply Fermat's little theorem later.
a n = 3 b n as defined,
a 5 1 4 = 3 F 5 1 3 ≡ 3 1 0 k + 8 ( m o d 1 1 ) (Because of the fact seen above, F 5 1 3 ≡ 8 ( m o d 1 0 )
And now by Fermat's little theorem,
a 5 1 4 = 3 F 5 1 3 ≡ 3 8 ≡ 5 ( m o d 1 1 )
Hence answer is 5