Cute cube roots

Algebra Level 4

i = 1 1001 1 ω i = ? \Large\color{#D61F06}{\sum_{i=1}^{1001}}\color{#3D99F6}{ \dfrac{1}{\omega^i}}= \ \color{#20A900}{?}

Given that ω \omega denotes a primitive cube root of unity, evaluate the above summation.


The answer is -1.

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2 solutions

Nihar Mahajan
Nov 7, 2015

So basically we need to find this summation:

1 ω + 1 ω 2 + 1 ω 3 + + 1 ω 1001 \dfrac{1}{\omega} + \dfrac{1}{\omega^2}+ \dfrac{1}{\omega^3} + \dots + \dfrac{1}{\omega^{1001}}

Note that

1 ω = ω 2 ω 3 = ω 2 , 1 ω 2 = ω ω 3 = ω , 1 ω 3 = 1 1 ω + 1 ω 2 + 1 ω 3 = ω 2 + ω + 1 = 0 \dfrac{1}{\omega}=\dfrac{\omega^2}{\omega^3}=\omega^2 \ , \ \dfrac{1}{\omega^2}=\dfrac{\omega}{\omega^3}=\omega \ , \ \dfrac{1}{\omega^3}=1 \\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{\omega} + \dfrac{1}{\omega^2}+ \dfrac{1}{\omega^3}= \omega^2+\omega+1=0

Thus we have 1 ω + 1 ω 2 + 1 ω 3 + + 1 ω 999 = 0 + 0 + 0 + + 0 = 0 \dfrac{1}{\omega} + \dfrac{1}{\omega^2}+ \dfrac{1}{\omega^3}+ \dots + \dfrac{1}{\omega^{999}} = 0+0+0+\dots + 0 =0

So our problem reduces to:

i = 1 1001 1 ω i = 1 ω 1000 + 1 ω 1001 = 1 ω + 1 ω 2 = ω 2 + ω = 1 1 + ω + ω 2 = 0 \sum_{i=1}^{1001} \dfrac{1}{\omega^i}=\dfrac{1}{\omega^{1000}}+\dfrac{1}{\omega^{1001}} = \dfrac{1}{\omega}+\dfrac{1}{\omega^2} = \omega^2+\omega=\boxed{-1} \because 1+\omega+\omega^2=0

Alternatively , we can also use formula for geometric progression and get our desired result.

Same Method

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 7 months ago

@Calvin Lin Sorry , for the tag. I forgot to tick the challenge master note option. Please provide it to this solution. Thanks.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Can I also get challenge master note?

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Yes ,If you subscribe to Brilliant square.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Nihar Mahajan Hey, are you giving ntse tomorrow?

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Dev Sharma Yes , but I haven't prepared for it.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Nihar Mahajan How was your NTSE guys?

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Kushagra Sahni it was good and yours?

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Dev Sharma Really Cool but sst ok ok. I was able to solve all in maths but many students found it very difficult and unexpected this year. Will u be able to clear stage-1?

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Kushagra Sahni May be...

But I found chemistry hard. And for ntse i have not prepared anything^^^...

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Dev Sharma From which state have you given NTSE

Chaitnya Shrivastava - 5 years, 7 months ago

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@Chaitnya Shrivastava This is the longest conversation I have seen on Brilliant.

I changed my name. - 2 years, 2 months ago

@Kushagra Sahni But I am not confident about it.

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 7 months ago
Otto Bretscher
Nov 7, 2015

If we denote the sum by S S , then 1 + S = i = 0 1001 1 ω i = 1 1 ω 1002 1 1 ω = 1 1 ( ω 3 ) 334 1 1 ω = 0 1+S=\sum_{i=0}^{1001}\frac{1}{\omega^i}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{\omega^{1002}}}{1-\frac{1}{\omega}}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{(\omega^3)^{334}}}{1-\frac{1}{\omega}}=0 since ω 3 = 1 \omega^3=1 so S = 1 S=\boxed{-1}

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