(Almost) degree 6 equation

Algebra Level 4

If α , β \alpha, \beta are the real roots of the equation ( x 2 + 9 ) 3 + 216 x 3 = ( x + 3 ) 6 (x^{2}+9)^{3} + 216x^{3} = (x+3)^{6} .

Find the value of α 6 + β 6 \alpha^{6} + \beta^{6} .


The answer is 729.

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2 solutions

Let A = x 2 + 9 A = x^{2}+9 and B = 6 x B = 6x so that A + B = ( x + 3 ) 2 A+B = (x+3)^{2}

The equation becomes A 3 + B 3 = ( A + B ) 3 A^{3} + B^{3} = (A+B)^{3} .

3 A B ( A + B ) = 0 3AB(A+B) = 0

A = 0 or B = 0 or A = B A = 0 \text{ or } B = 0 \text{ or } A = -B

x 2 + 9 = 0 x^{2}+9 = 0 gives you 2 complex roots.

6 x = 0 6x = 0 gives x = 0 x = 0 .

x 2 + 9 = 6 x x^{2} + 9 = -6x gives x = 3 x = -3 .

Therefore α 6 + β 6 = 729 \alpha^{6} + \beta^{6} = \boxed{729} ~~~

Other solutions are appreciated. ^__^

Samuraiwarm Tsunayoshi - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Apply the identity a3+b3+c3=3abc when a+b+c =0. Thsi will give you the answer within seconds. The real roots are 0 and -3.

Kushagra Sahni - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Nice solution! That's how the equation becomes 3 A B ( A + B ) = 0 3AB(A+B) = 0 such that C = ( A + B ) C = -(A+B) .

Samuraiwarm Tsunayoshi - 6 years, 10 months ago

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@Samuraiwarm Tsunayoshi Thanks. Correct Genius

Kushagra Sahni - 6 years, 9 months ago

did the same way

Rama Krishna Paramahamsa - 6 years, 10 months ago

This is the elegant way, shortest. I followed the same.

Aditya Raut - 6 years, 10 months ago

But after putting x=-3 ,equality sign is not holding true.

Sachin Arora - 6 years, 3 months ago

This is the elegant way. I did almost like Mr. Nishant Sharma .

Niranjan Khanderia - 3 years, 6 months ago
Nishant Sharma
Aug 2, 2014

Well I spotted something here:

You can see x 2 + 9 = ( x + 3 ) 2 6 x x^2+9=\left(x+3\right)^2-6x . So using this we get

( ( x + 3 ) 2 6 x ) 3 + 216 x 3 = ( x + 3 ) 6 \displaystyle\left(\left(x+3\right)^2-6x\right)^3+216x^3=\left(x+3\right)^6

( x + 3 ) 6 216 x 3 18 x ( x + 3 ) 2 ( x 2 + 9 ) 2 + 216 x 3 = ( x + 3 ) 6 \rightarrow\,\left(x+3\right)^6-216x^3-18x\left(x+3\right)^2\left(x^2+9\right)^2+216x^3=\left(x+3\right)^6

x ( x + 3 ) 2 ( x 2 + 9 ) 2 = 0 \rightarrow\,x\left(x+3\right)^2\left(x^2+9\right)^2=0

Now since x R x\in\mathbb{R} so x 2 + 9 9 x^2+9\geq\,9 . Thus this leads down to x = 0 , 3 x=0,-3 . So ( α , β ) = \left(\alpha,\beta\right)= some permutation of ( 0 , 3 ) \left(0,-3\right) . So we have α 6 + β 6 = 729 \alpha^6+\beta^6=\boxed{729} .

@Samuraiwarm Tsunayoshi How about this one ?

Nishant Sharma - 6 years, 10 months ago

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Quite similar to my solution, but still awesome!

Samuraiwarm Tsunayoshi - 6 years, 10 months ago

Yes nice way. See my way.

Kushagra Sahni - 6 years, 10 months ago

Nishant sharma....your solution is the same as samuraiwarm's...he says A plus B is C and you say C minus A is B...both are the same conceptually.

charvi vitthal - 6 years, 10 months ago

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