k = 1 ∑ 9 9 9 8 8 k 9 9 9 8 8
If we are given that 99989 is a prime number, what is the remainder when the expression above is divided by 99989?
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Yes. Splitting the sum into individual terms makes Fermat's Little Theorem much more apparent.
@Prasun Biswas , we really liked your comment, and have converted it into a solution. If you subscribe to this solution, you will receive notifications about future comments.
Repeatedly use Fermat's Little Theorem.
Uhmmm... Will you please elaborate? This is not a proper solution.
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Since 0 and 9 9 9 8 9 are two consecutive multiples of 9 9 9 8 9 (which is a prime), we know that 9 9 9 8 9 ∣ k ∀ 1 ≤ k ≤ 9 9 9 8 8 where k ∈ Z .
Now, we use Fermat's Little Theorem which states (with prime p ),
a p − 1 ≡ 1 ( m o d p ) ∀ a ∈ Z ∧ p ∣ a
The given sum becomes,
k = 1 ∑ 9 9 9 8 8 k 9 9 9 8 8 ≡ k = 1 ∑ 9 9 9 8 8 1 ≡ 9 9 9 8 8 ( m o d 9 9 9 8 9 )
The solution by Gari is correct although I think he should elaborate it to make it more understandable to others.
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Oh crap, it was that EASY????? I was using some unsolved conjecture to set up this question. GODDAMNIT. Ugghhhh
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@Pi Han Goh – I'd like to know about the conjecture you're referring to. Provide a link to the paper here maybe?
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@Prasun Biswas – Hint hint: decrypt the title of my problem. Caesar cipher +3.
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@Pi Han Goh – Thanks ! :D
@Pi Han Goh – Your question should be the other way around, in that case. (Just read the Wikipedia page; one direction (prime to the equation) is clear with Fermat's Little Theorem, but the other direction is the conjecture.)
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@Mehul Arora – Glad it helped. :)
Divide each term by 99989. By Fermat Little Theorm you will get remainder one in each case. In total 99988 terms so remainder is 99988.
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Since 0 and 9 9 9 8 9 are two consecutive multiples of 9 9 9 8 9 (which is a prime), we know that 9 9 9 8 9 ∣ k ∀ 1 ≤ k ≤ 9 9 9 8 8 where k ∈ Z .
Now, we use Fermat's Little Theorem which states (with prime p ),
The given sum becomes,
k = 1 ∑ 9 9 9 8 8 k 9 9 9 8 8 ≡ k = 1 ∑ 9 9 9 8 8 1 ≡ 9 9 9 8 8 ( m o d 9 9 9 8 9 )