Do you see a pattern

Algebra Level 3

a + 4 b + 9 c = 3 4 a + 9 b + 16 c = 5 9 a + 16 b + 25 c = 7 \begin{aligned} a + 4b + 9c &= 3 \\ 4a + 9b + 16c &= 5 \\ 9a + 16b + 25c &= 7 \\ \end{aligned}

If a , b , c a,b,c are real numbers satisfying the above system, determine the value of a + b + c a+b+c .


The answer is 0.

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6 solutions

Rakshit Joshi
Dec 28, 2015

Note that the equations can be written as a x 2 + b ( x + 1 ) 2 + c ( x + 2 ) 2 = 2 x + 1 ax^2 + b(x+1)^2 + c(x+2)^2 = 2x + 1 with roots of 1 , 2 , 3 1,2,3 .

By comparing coefficients of x 2 x^2 , we have a + b + c = 0 a+b+c=0 .
By comparing coefficients of x x , we have 2 b + 4 c = 2 2b + 4c=2 .
By comparing coefficients of the constant term, we have b + 4 c = 1 b+4c=1 .

Solving these equations simultaneously gives us a = 1 , b = 1 , c = 0 a=-1,b=1, c= 0 .

Otto Bretscher
Dec 28, 2015

Taking 1 2 \frac{1}{2} (First equation)- (Second Equation)+ 1 2 \frac{1}{2} (Last Equation) gives a + b + c = 0 a+b+c=\boxed{0}

is there any way to do it using Polynomial Interpolation?

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 5 months ago

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I don't think so. Polynomial Interpolation is an option if the coefficient matrix is a Vandermonde matrix.

It's a system of linear equations, so, row reduction is the natural approach.

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

There is. Use method of differences on the polynomial ( a + b + c ) x 2 ( 2 b + 4 a ) x + ( 4 a + b ) (a+b+c)x^2-(2b+4a)x+(4a+b) for x = 3 , 4 , 5 x=3,4,5 . Then find the polynomial and you will find that the leading term is 0 0 .

Anupam Nayak - 5 years, 5 months ago

good solution

arun kumaran - 5 years, 5 months ago
Akshit Srivastava
Dec 29, 2015

Subtract (1) from(2) and (2) from (3). Subtract the 2 new eq. to give 2*(a+b+c)=0

Well, as for me I did the same with Sir Otto. But you could use the Cramer's Rule as well. Am I right?

Yes, you could use Cramer's rule... but it would be very tedious.

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 5 months ago

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It is very tedious indeed. But can produce accurate results.

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago

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I tried it with Cramer's rule, it wasn't that tedious after all, maybe because it was with the help of my calculator...?

Nicole Tay - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Nicole Tay Of course, miss. After all, it is only dealing with multiplications on the matrix part. :)

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago

@Nicole Tay Can I ask a question? Are you possibly Miss Nicole Tay Wan Ni? If yes, I just wanted to say you played really well last 2 years in the Steinway Piano Finals. I appreciate you playing "The Nightingale". Thanks.

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Russel Ryan Floresca Yes I am actually, you watched the finals? Thanks :)

Nicole Tay - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Nicole Tay You are! I am watching there at the audience! :)

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago

@Nicole Tay Actually, I was amazed when you played "The Nightingale".

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Russel Ryan Floresca Oh wow. Thanks! Quite surprised actually that you recalled me.

Nicole Tay - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Nicole Tay Of course! I am a fellow pianist.

Russel Ryan Floresca - 5 years, 5 months ago
Pulkit Singhvi
Jan 19, 2016

Let a+b+c=x 1→x+3b+8c=3 2→4x+5b+12c=5 3→9x+7b+16c=7 Add 1and 3 then divide what yo get by 2 and than subtract by 2 →x=0

It is well-known that the differences between successive squares form a list of successive odd numbers: 4 1 = 3 9 4 = 5 16 9 = 7 4 - 1 = 3 \\ 9 - 4 = 5 \\ 16 - 9 = 7 \\ \vdots This shows immediately that we must choose a = 1 a = -1 , b = 1 b = 1 , and c = 0 c = 0 .

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