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Looking at the picture, We see 2 3 × 3 squares, and 2 2 × 2 squares.However, we notice that one 1 × 1 square overlaps. Thus, − ( 1 2 ) . Then rearranging, we can arrange it to a 5 × 5 square. Thus justified.
Alternatively, simply do the calculations:
= 2 × 3 2 + 2 × 2 2 − 2 × 2 1 = 2 × ( 3 2 + 2 2 − 2 1 ) = 2 × 1 2 . 5 = 2 5 = 5 2