The product of the digits in 38 is even because 3 × 8 = 2 4 . Similarly, the product of the digits in 57 is odd because 5 × 7 = 3 5 .
How many 2-digit numbers have an odd product?
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Permutation?
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See the diagram.
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Oh. I thought it's Permutation. I read a book that look exactly the solution.
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@Steven Sison – In a way, it is permutation with repetation. There are two digits. The possible way to select the first digit is 5 . The possible way to select the second digit is also 5 . The total number of ways is therefore 5 × 5 .
If we need an odd product then the number should be of the form
XY --------- where X and Y both are odd .
We have 5 odd digits 1,3,5,7,9 Therefore the total possible numbers are 5 2 = 25
This solution is for beginners not for experts. See @Chew-Seong Cheong solution for fast track answer.
1 can be combined with 1, 3, 5,7,9 to have desired result i.e 9 combination
3 can be combined with 3, 5,7,9 to have desired result i.e 7 combination
5 can be combined with 5,7,9 to have desired result i.e 5 combination
7 can be combined with 7,9 to have desired result i.e 3 combination
9 can be combined with 9 to have desired result i.e 1 combination
Total combination=9+7+5+3+1=25
More of a combinatorics problem, basically the only thing is we have to ignore all the even digits and then consider all the possible combinations with the odd digits which is 5*5 = 25 which is the answer...
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A 2-digit number has an odd product if and only if both digits of the number are odd. Therefore, there are 5 × 5 = 2 5 such 2-digit numbers.
The following figure shows the products of digits of all 2-digit numbers. It can be seen that there are 2 5 odd products (highlighted yellow) when both the digits are odd.