Minimize This!

If a \color{#D61F06}{a} and b \color{#3D99F6}{b} are positive, what is the minimum possible value of a b + b a ? \large \frac { \color{#D61F06}{a}}{ \color{#3D99F6}{b} } +\frac { \color{#3D99F6}{b} }{\color{#D61F06}{a} }?


The answer is 2.

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11 solutions

Swapnil Das
Sep 23, 2015

If { a , b } + \{ a,b\} \in \Re^{+} , then ( a b ) 2 0 { (a-b) }^{ 2 }\ge 0

a 2 + b 2 2 a b \Rightarrow{ a }^{ 2 }+{ b }^{ 2 }\ge 2ab

a 2 + b 2 a b 2 \Rightarrow \frac { { a }^{ 2 }+{ b }^{ 2 } }{ ab } \ge 2

a b + b a 2 \Rightarrow\frac { a }{ b } +\frac { b }{ a } \ge 2

Thus, the minimum positive value of the given expression is 2 2

Hmmm.... strictly speaking, a , b R + a,b \in \mathbb{R}^{+} would be correct. The set { a , b } \{ a, b \} itself is an element of R + \mathbb{R}^{+} is incorrect, although it is somewhat tolerable. Do edit your problem statement.

Venkata Karthik Bandaru - 5 years, 8 months ago

The question needs to be changed....What is the least positive integral value of........ Otherwise the answer would be -2 .

naitik sanghavi - 5 years, 8 months ago

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It could be -\infty

Julian Poon - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Yeah!!Sorry!!

naitik sanghavi - 5 years, 8 months ago

Someone please edit the problem ! I guess you are a mod Julian, right ?

Venkata Karthik Bandaru - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Venkata Karthik Bandaru I can't edit it without the poster's permission, because it is changing the meaning of the problem.

Julian Poon - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Julian Poon Tension not, edited :P

Swapnil Das - 5 years, 8 months ago

It's given that a and b are positive. Hence a/b+b/a couldn't be equal to -2.

Bhupendra Jangir - 5 years, 4 months ago

Alternative solution is use AM-GM inequality directly!!

naitik sanghavi - 5 years, 8 months ago

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No you can't use it unless a , b a,b are positive.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 8 months ago

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But if it is mentioned that we have to find the least positive integral value then??

naitik sanghavi - 5 years, 8 months ago

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@Naitik Sanghavi I think it will be better to state the question as:

What is the least positive value of a b + b a \frac { a }{ b } +\frac { b }{ a } , given that { a , b } { \{ a,b\} \in \Re } ?

a a and b b can still be negative and the answer will still be 2 2 .

Julian Poon - 5 years, 8 months ago

Very correct :P

Swapnil Das - 5 years, 8 months ago

What does the color difference of a and b imply? a and b can be same number or not ?

Bikram Godar - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Nothing, they just did it so that you could distinguish them more.

mash religion - 3 years, 6 months ago
Samina Ashraf
Feb 15, 2016

simple.. the minimum positive number is 1.. putting both a and b 1 you get 1+1=2

a and b have to be different numbers or otherwise denoting them as a and b is pointless

Rafi Davis - 4 years, 11 months ago

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Sorry if a and b are both 1 then 1 squared and 1 squared is equal to two and 1 squared is equal to 1 so 2 over 1 us equal to two

Rafi Davis - 4 years, 11 months ago

0.000....01 is also a positive number.

U A - 2 years, 4 months ago
Aman Sharma
Oct 7, 2015

Using the property of Arithmetic Mean>=Geometric Mean, (a/b+b/a)/2>=sqrt(a/b x b/a) (a/b+b/a)>=2

Thats the exact method

Abhishek Swain - 4 years, 7 months ago

Let a b = x > 0 \frac{a}{b} = x > 0 then we wish to minimize f ( x ) = x + 1 x = x 2 + 1 x f ( x ) = 2 x x ( x 2 + 1 ) x 2 = f(x) = x + \frac{1}{x} = \frac{x^2 + 1}{x} \rightarrow f '(x) = \frac{ 2x \cdot x - (x^2 + 1)}{x^2}= x 2 1 x 2 \frac{x^2 - 1}{x^2} \rightarrow f '(x) = 0 if and only if x = 1 since x > 0, and f '(x) < 0 if x ( 0 , 1 ) x \in (0,1) and f '(x) > 0 if x ( 1 , ) x \in (1, \infty) . Therefore, there is a minimum at x = 1 and f(1) =2 is the minimum of the expression above

Nowras Otmen
Oct 10, 2015

After getting to a 2 + b 2 a b \dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab} I considered that, to get the minimum value, since both of them are positive, we would need a = b a=b . Therefore 2 a 2 a 2 \dfrac{2a^2}{a^2} and the answer would be 2 2 . Is this a valid solution?

This too seems correct to me!

Pawan Musale - 4 years, 3 months ago

I thought it was ab+ab/ab lol, but I got the right answer. I suck

Light Vision - 3 years, 7 months ago
Nguyen Tran
Feb 1, 2017

Since a , b R + a,b\in\mathbb{R}^{+} , the minimum positive value of a,b is not 1 1 . It's 0.0 01 0.0\ldots 01

Using AM-GM, we will have a b + b a 2 a b × b a = 2 \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\times \frac{b}{a}}=2

Aldo Muñoz
Feb 16, 2016

Consider the triangle with lengths a , b > 0 and c = a 2 + b 2 a,~b>0 \mbox{ and }c=\sqrt{a^2 + b^2} . Let θ \theta be the angle between c c and a a . Then, a b + b a = c 2 a b = 1 sin ( θ ) cos ( θ ) = 2 sin ( 2 θ ) 2 \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a} = \frac{c^2}{ab} = \frac{1}{\sin(\theta)\cos(\theta)} = \frac{2}{\sin(2\theta)}\leq 2 . Hence, the result follows.

Sunny Parawala
Oct 7, 2015

An easier Method will be by AM>GM :)

Amit Bera
Mar 24, 2016

If a and b is positive then the least positive value for a and b is 1 Therefore, a b \frac{a}{b} + b a \frac{b}{a} = 1 1 \frac{1}{1} + 1 1 \frac{1}{1} =1+1 =2

They are positive real numbers, not positive integers. So, you can't say that the least value for a and b is 1 1 and 1 1 respectively. In fact, since they are positive, you just use the A M G M AM-GM inequality. a b + b a 2 × a b b a = 2 \frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{a} \geq 2 \times \sqrt{\frac{a}{b} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} = 2

So, the minimum value is 2 2

Raushan Sharma - 5 years, 2 months ago

Why not 0.1? It is positive and is smaller than 1.

Swapnil Das - 5 years, 2 months ago

Max-Min Inequality works here as well. If you set a=b, you will either get a max or a min. And by simply plugging in, one finds a min. You can also prove this if you are fluent with Multivariable Calculus.

Rohit Sharma
Oct 8, 2015

By more thinking,the lowest +ve number is what +0.1 !!!! So by putting value of a & b by +0.1,then we find that solution is becomes 2. ;-) ;-) Technology!!!!! Technique....

It's not about searching the lowest value and plugging in the equation, but using inequality techniques to find the solution.

Swapnil Das - 5 years, 8 months ago

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