Electric Flux 8-23-2020 (Part 2)

A circular ring has uniform linear charge density σ = + 1 \sigma = +1 . The ring is parametrized as follows:

x = ( 3 / 5 ) cos α y = ( 3 / 5 ) sin α 0 α 2 π z = 1 2 x = (3/5) \cos \alpha \\ y = (3/5) \sin \alpha \\ 0 \leq \alpha \leq 2 \pi \\ z = \frac{1}{2}

Consider a sphere of radius 1 1 with its center at the origin. What fraction of the total electric flux through the sphere passes through its upper half ( z > 0 ) (z > 0) ?

Details and Assumptions:
1) Use outward-facing normal vectors for the sphere
2) Electric permittivity ϵ 0 = 1 \epsilon_0 = 1


The answer is 0.767.

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2 solutions

Talulah Riley
Aug 23, 2020

First of all few steps to follow
1 Basically,in my below calculation I am trying to find flux through lower sphere ( z < 0 ) (z<0) ,so in that case basically i have evaluated the flux through x 2 + y 2 = 1 x^{2}+y^{2}=1 .Becauss if you think carefully both are same.
2) Using Gauss law we can easily calculate the flux through total sphere ϕ = q i n s i d e ϵ 0 \phi=\frac{q_{inside}}{\epsilon_{0}}
3) If we substract the flux of ( z < 0 ) (z<0) from total flux we will get the flux of upper half ( z > 0 ) (z>0)


ϕ z > 0 ϕ T o t a l = 2.89435668 3.76991118 = 0.767751955 \frac{\phi_{z>0}}{\phi_{Total}}=\frac{2.89435668}{3.76991118}=\boxed{0.767751955}

@Steven Chase it is corrected now.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

Thanks. Upvotes have been awarded

Steven Chase - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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@Steven Chase Did you have upvoted all the three or only interesting??

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

@Steven Chase Did you understand my whole approach??

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

@Karan Chatrath and @Steven Chase Now my answer is most accurate among you all.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago
Karan Chatrath
Aug 23, 2020

A very nice solution has already been provided by @Lil Doug . I am sharing my numerical approach. I have resorted to evaluating a surface integral without having to deal with any of the algebraic expressions.

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clear all
clc

% Numerical resoloution:
dalpha = pi/1000;
dtheta = pi/100;
dphi   = pi/100;

% Ring radius:
R     = 3/5;

% Flux initialisation:
Phi    = 0;

% Nested loops for numerical integration:
% Surface integral over the top half of the sphere:
for alpha = 0:dalpha:2*pi

    for theta = 0:dtheta:pi/2

        for phi = 0:dphi:2*pi

            % Unit sphere centered at origin parameterisation:
            rs    = [sin(theta)*cos(phi);sin(theta)*sin(phi);cos(theta)];

            % Ring parameterisation:
            rr    = [R*cos(alpha);R*sin(alpha);1/2];

            % Coulomb's Law:
            dE    = ((1/(4*pi))*(R*dalpha)*(rs - rr))/(norm(rs - rr)^3);

            % Surface area element:
            dS    = sin(theta)*dtheta*dphi*rs;

            % Elementary flux computation (dot product):
            dPhi  = dE'*dS;

            % Numerical integration
            Phi   = Phi + dPhi;
        end

    end

end

% Ration of flux through top half to that through the whole sphere
Answer = Phi/3.77
% Answer = 0.7771

Thanks for the solution. What do you get when you increase the resolution? I used the same dividing factor for all parameters. For N = 500 N = 500 and N = 1000 N = 1000 , I get approximately 0.767 0.767 . The latter case is a billion loop iterations, so it takes a bit of time to run.

Steven Chase - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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In all honesty, I did not check multiple resolutions as I should have. I checked for ( d α , d ϕ , d θ ) = π / ( 100 , 100 , 100 ) (d\alpha,d\phi,d\theta) = \pi/(100,100,100) using which, my answer is 0.7807, and then ( d α , d ϕ , d θ ) = π / ( 1000 , 100 , 100 ) (d\alpha,d\phi,d\theta) = \pi/(1000,100,100) with which I obtain 0.7771. I took a chance with the latter value and it was correct. I got lucky. Had it not been correct, I would have tried going for N = 1000 N=1000 , which would have taken time to evaluate.

Karan Chatrath - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

I am upset with one @Karan Chatrath and @Steven Chase sir.
I don't know with whom but one of them.
Because in my solution i have got one upvote only. So the remaining one sir have not done that.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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I don't think the answer is 0.794

Steven Chase - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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@Steven Chase it means you indirectly wants to say that I have not upvoted your solution.
You should say me before in my solution.
Ok let me check again.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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@Talulah Riley No, I'm directly saying that I don't think the answer is 0.794

Steven Chase - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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@Steven Chase @Steven Chase I have uploaded my solution from last 2 hour I think. And you are saying when I said that one of you both have not upvoted.
You are understanding whole situation still you are behaving in a innocent way.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

In retrospect, I did not notice the answer, as I should have, but your approach to the problem of converting a triple to a double integral is nice. I will revoke the upvote for now.

Karan Chatrath - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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@Karan Chatrath Hey sir I have corrected it now.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

@Karan Chatrath Sir I want to ask some doubts ? Can I ask know? Give me appointment.

Talulah Riley - 9 months, 2 weeks ago

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