is an infinite conductor carrying a current
.
and
are smooth conducting rods on which a conductor
moves with constant velocity
as shown. The resistance of the resistor is
.
Find the magnitude of force in Newton needed to maintain constant speed of .
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First we calculate the magnetic field due to the infinite conductor in a perpendicular distance l from it: B = − 2 π l μ I k ^
Then we calculate the emf in the conductor E F : ϵ = ∫ a b ( v × B ) ⋅ d l = 2 π v μ I ∫ a b l d l = 2 π v μ I ln ( a b )
Next, we calculate the induced current: I ′ = R ϵ = 2 π R v μ I ln ( a b )
Then we calculate the magnetic force: F M = I ′ ∫ a b d l × B = 2 π I ′ μ I ∫ a b l d l j ^ = 2 π I ′ μ I ln ( a b ) j ^ = R v ( 2 π μ I ln ( a b ) ) 2 j ^
Finally, we muts apply another force F with the same magnitude tham F M but in the opposite direction ( − j ^ ) to keep moving the conductor with the constant velocity. Substituting values we get: F = 1 0 Ω 1 0 m/s ( 2 π 4 π × 1 0 − 7 A 2 N × 1 0 A ln ( 2 m 2 0 m ) ) 2 F ≈ 2 . 1 2 0 7 5 × 1 0 − 1 1 N
So, our answer is 2 1 . 2 0 7 5 .