Finding Primes

For how many real values of n is the expression 2 n 5 20 n 4 + 70 n 3 100 n 2 + 48 n + 5 2n^5-20n^4+70n^3-100n^2+48n+5 is prime?

3 More than 6 2 1 5 4 6 None of these

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1 solution

Akhil Bansal
Dec 14, 2015

Because the question allows for "real values of n n ", and the image of the expression is all real numbers, hence it follows that all primes can be expressed as 2 n 5 20 n 4 + 70 n 3 100 n 2 + 48 n + 5 2n^5-20n^4+70n^3-100n^2+48n+5 for some real number n n . Thus, the answer is "more than 6".

Note: The solution below is written up for the case where n n is an integer.


p = 2 n 5 20 n 4 + 70 n 3 100 n 2 + 48 n + 5 \large p = 2n^5-20n^4+70n^3-100n^2+48n+5 p = 2 n ( n 4 10 n 3 + 35 n 2 50 n + 24 ) + 5 \large p = 2n(n^4 -10n^3 +35n^2 -50n +24) + 5 p = 2 n ( n 1 ) ( n 2 ) ( n 3 ) ( n 4 ) + 5 \large p = 2n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)(n-4) + 5

p = { 5 ; n = 0 5 ; n = 1 5 ; n = 2 5 ; n = 3 5 ; n = 4 125 ; n = 5 multiple of 5 1545 ; n = 6 multiple of 5 \large p = \begin{cases} 5 \quad \quad \quad ; n = 0 \\ 5 \quad \quad \quad ; n = 1 \\ 5 \quad \quad \quad ; n = 2 \\ 5 \quad \quad \quad ; n = 3 \\ 5 \quad \quad \quad ; n = 4 \\ 125 \quad \quad ; n = 5 \quad \quad \color{#3D99F6}{\text{multiple of 5}} \\ 1545 \ \quad ; n = 6 \quad \quad \color{#3D99F6}{\text{multiple of 5}} \end{cases}

Hence, p is a prime number for n = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 n = 0,1,2,3 and 4 4 .

Note that your question asked for real values instead of integers. Hence the correct answer should be "More than 6".

Calvin Lin Staff - 5 years, 6 months ago

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Calvin, can you please explain your answer?

E Koh - 2 years, 8 months ago

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What is the image of f : R R f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} , f ( x ) = 2 x 5 20 x 4 + 70 x 3 100 x 2 + 48 x + 5 f(x) = 2x^5 - 20x^4 + 70x^3- 100x^2 + 48x + 5 ?

In that image, how many of those numbers are prime numbers?

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@Calvin Lin x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 5

E Koh - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@E Koh x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
5 values

E Koh - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@E Koh What is f ( 4.30418 ) f(4.30418\ldots) ? Is it (nearly) prime?

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@Calvin Lin Is 4.3.. an integer? x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 are integers.

E Koh - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@E Koh Where does it say that x is an integer?

My point is precisely that the question states "For how many real values of n" and not "For how many integer values of n".

I agree in the latter case, the answer is 5.

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 8 months ago

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@Calvin Lin It should be 5 real values of n.

E Koh - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@E Koh Is 4.30418... a real number ? If no, can you explain why not? Note: I agree that it is not an integer .

I agree that there are at least 5 real values of n, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. However, we haven't shown that no other real values work. As it turns out, a lot of other real values work.

I agree that there are exactly 5 integer values of n, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@Calvin Lin What are the other values? the answer provided is not valid then.

E Koh - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@E Koh This question should be invalid then.

E Koh - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@E Koh Why should the question be invalid? What is invalid about it?

The question essentially boils down to:
The image of this function is all real numbers.
How many real numbers are prime?

The answer of "More than 6 real numbers are prime" is a correct statement. The problem doesn't require you to "Find all real values of x x that make f ( x ) f(x) a prime number."

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@Calvin Lin The answer and the question are both invalid.

E Koh - 2 years, 7 months ago

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@E Koh If you elaborate on why the question is valid when asking about integers but invalid when asking for real numbers, then that will help me understand the concerns that you have.

Otherwise, let's just agree to disagree that "this question is valid".

Calvin Lin Staff - 2 years, 7 months ago

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