Let us have fun with four ideal liquid samples
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
.
The original pressure of each of these liquid samples when placed alone in a beaker is as follows:
A
:
of
B
:
of
C
:
of
D
:
of
.
We first take 2 moles of A and 8 moles of B in beaker . When equilibrium is reached, we condense the vapors above the liquid sample and pour it in beaker .
In beaker we add liquid C until the mole fraction of A and C becomes equal in the solution. When equilibrium is reached, we condense the vapors over this liquid sample and pour it in beaker .
In beaker we add liquid D until the mole fraction of liquid B and D becomes equal in the solution. When equilibrium is reached, we condense the vapors above this sample and pour it in beaker .
Let the total pressure (in of ) over the liquid sample in beaker when equilibrium is reached be denoted by .
If can be expressed as , where and are coprime positive integers, submit your answer as .
Note : Raoult's law is needed to solve this question and all the liquid samples taken follow this law.
Assume that when the liquid is evaporated, there is no considerable change in the composition of the solution. (Following ideal gas principles for low pressure and high temperature).
Original
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Relevant wiki: Vapor Pressure and Raoult's Law
At 1st, I will like to try to clear a doubt which generally many people are having - When the equilibrium is reached , some part of liquid will be evaporated , so , the composition in the solution must change ? ( As asked to me by @Prakhar Bindal )
I thought on it a bit and got one line that these laws are valid at a low pressure and high temperature condition (Ideal gas condition ) , so we can say that since the number of moles evaporated is very-very less , there is no considerable change in the composition of the solution.
Also , I am mentioning the Ideal gas condition in the assumption.
I will solve by considering ratios as mole fraction is all about the ratio of moles and Raoult's law is all about mole fraction!
Here n represents mole & P represents pressure ( Here partial pressure )
Beaker I :
At equilibrium,
In solution n A : n B = 1 : 4
In Vapour phase P A : P B = 1 0 0 × 5 1 : 2 0 0 × 5 4 = 1 : 8
Beaker I I
After adding C and at equilibrium
In solution n A : n B : n C = 1 : 8 : 1
In Vapour phase P A : P B : P C = 1 : 1 6 : 3
Beaker I I I
After adding D and at equilibrium
In solution n A : n B : n C : n D = 1 : 1 6 : 3 : 1 6
In Vapour phase P A : P B : P C : P D = 1 : 3 2 : 9 : 6 4
Beaker I V
At equilibrium,
In solution n A : n B : n C : n D = 1 : 3 2 : 9 : 6 4
Total pressure
P = P ∘ A χ A + P ∘ B χ B + P ∘ C χ C + P ∘ D χ D = 5 3 1 7 4 0 0
(Where , χ i represents the mole fraction of i th component of liquid in solution )
M × N = 9 2 2 2 0 0 .