Generalizing floor summations

Algebra Level 4

1 + 2 + 3 + + ( n + 1 ) 2 1 = ? \lfloor \sqrt{1} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{2} \rfloor+ \lfloor \sqrt{3} \rfloor+\cdots+\left\lfloor \sqrt{(n+1)^2-1} \right\rfloor = \, ?

n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 5 \dfrac{n(n+1)(4n+5)}{5} n 2 ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 \dfrac{n^2(n+1)(4n+5)}{6} n ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 \dfrac{n(2n+1)(4n+5)}{6} n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 4 \dfrac{n(n+1)(4n+5)}{4} n ( n 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 \dfrac{n(n-1)(4n+5)}{6} n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 \dfrac{n(n+1)(4n+5)}{6}

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2 solutions

Rishabh Jain
Jan 23, 2016

Edit:In figure, ceiling function is there instead of fractional part \small{\text{Edit:In figure, ceiling function is there instead of fractional part}} S = 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + . . \small{\mathcal{S}=1+1+1+2+2+2+2+2+3+3\\+3+3+3+3+3+3+..} = 3 ( 1 ) + 5 ( 2 ) + 7 ( 3 ) + 9 ( 5 ) + . . . . . =3(1)+5(2)+7(3)+9(5)+..... = i = 1 n ( 2 i + 1 ) i =\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n (2i+1)i = 2 i = 1 n i 2 + i = 1 n i =2 \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i^2 + \displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^n i = 2 ( n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) 6 ) + n ( n + 1 ) 2 =2(\dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6})+\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2} = n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 =\Large\dfrac{n(n+1)(4n+5)}{6}

The very same method.

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

Nice solution , did the same ! Btw , there is another shortcut , put n = 2 which gives summation till floor of root 8 i.e = 13 , so just put 2 in given options and simply choose the option which gives 13 as the answer ! @Rishabh Cool

A Former Brilliant Member - 5 years, 4 months ago

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Good for examinations where time is key, I do that way many times but when at home we have quite some time so we can do it in a proper manner which will benefit us.

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 4 months ago

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yes of course

A Former Brilliant Member - 5 years, 4 months ago

Unbeleivable. I just needed to simplify the expression I got a little bit. But my laziness killed me yet again and I hit the wrong option.

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

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Shreyash Please try to solve this

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

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seems impossible but i will give it a try. Were you able to solve it?

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Shreyash Rai Nope, but got the trick after I gave up.

Department 8 - 5 years, 4 months ago

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@Department 8 oh man i just realized tommorow is jstse. well atleast let me study one day for it.

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago

@Department 8 got it. fine question that was.

Shreyash Rai - 5 years, 4 months ago
Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 23, 2016

S = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + . . . + ( n + 1 ) 2 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 1 × ( 2 2 1 2 ) + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 2 × ( 3 2 2 2 ) + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 3 × ( 4 2 3 2 ) + . . . n = k = 1 n k [ ( k + 1 ) 2 k 2 ] = k = 1 n ( 2 k 2 + k ) = 2 k = 1 n k 2 + k = 1 n k = n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) 3 + n ( n + 1 ) 2 = n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 2 + 3 ) 6 = n ( n + 1 ) ( 4 n + 5 ) 6 \begin{aligned} S & = \lfloor \sqrt{1} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{2} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{3} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{4} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{5} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{6} \rfloor + \lfloor \sqrt{7} \rfloor + ... + \lfloor \sqrt{(n+1)^2-1} \rfloor \\ & = \underbrace{1 + 1 + 1}_{1\times (2^2-1^2)} + \underbrace{2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2}_{2\times (3^2-2^2)} + \underbrace{3 + 3 + 3 + 3+3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3}_{3\times (4^2-3^2)} + ... n \\ & = \sum_{k=1}^n k[(k+1)^2-k^2] \\ & = \sum_{k=1}^n (2k^2+k) \\ & = 2 \sum_{k=1}^n k^2+\sum_{k=1}^n k \\ & = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{3} + \frac{n(n+1)}{2} \\ & = \frac{n(n+1)(4n+2+3)}{6} \\ & = \boxed{\dfrac{n(n+1)(4n+5)}{6}} \end{aligned}

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