An algebra problem by abhi jith

Algebra Level pending

Let z 1 z_1 and z 2 z_2 be complex numbers satisfying z + z ˉ = 2 z 1 z + \bar z = 2|z-1| and arg ( z 1 z 2 ) = π 4 \arg(z_1 - z_2 ) = \frac \pi4 .

Which of the following statements are true?

A: ( z 1 + z 2 ) = 2 \ \Re(z_1+z_2)=2
B: ( z 1 + z 2 ) = 2 \ \Im(z_1+z_2)=2
C: z 1 \ z_1 and z 2 z_2 lies on a parabola.
D: z 1 \ z_1 and z 2 z_2 does not exist.

B and D A and C B and C A and D

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Jan 27, 2017

Let z 1 = a + b i , z 2 = c + d i z_1 = a + bi, z_2 = c + di be two distinct complex numbers. If z + z ˉ = 2 z 1 , z + \bar{z} = 2|z - 1|, then:

z 1 + z 1 ˉ = 2 z 1 1 ( a + b i ) + ( a b i ) = 2 ( a 1 ) 2 + b 2 2 a = 2 ( a 1 ) 2 + b 2 , z_1 +\bar{z_1} = 2|z_1 - 1| \Rightarrow (a + bi) + (a - bi) = 2\sqrt{(a-1)^{2} + b^{2}} \Rightarrow 2a = 2\sqrt{(a-1)^{2} + b^{2}},

or a 2 = ( a 1 ) 2 + b 2 a 2 = a 2 2 a + 1 + b 2 a = b 2 + 1 2 a^{2} = (a-1)^{2} + b^{2} \Rightarrow a^{2} = a^{2} - 2a + 1 + b^{2} \Rightarrow a = \frac{b^{2} + 1}{2} . Likewise, c = d 2 + 1 2 c = \frac{d^{2} + 1}{2} for z 2 z_2 , which produces z 1 = b 2 + 1 2 + b i , z 2 = d 2 + 1 2 + d i . z_1 = \frac{b^{2} + 1}{2} + bi, z_2 = \frac{d^{2} + 1}{2} + di.

If a r g ( z 1 z 2 ) = π 4 , arg(z_1 - z_2) = \frac{\pi}{4}, then we have: z 1 z 2 = b 2 d 2 2 + ( b d ) i z_1 - z_2 = \frac{b^{2} - d^{2}}{2} + (b - d)i , and π 4 = a r c t a n ( b d b 2 d 2 2 ) = a r c t a n ( 2 ( b d ) ( b + d ) ( b d ) ) = a r c t a n ( 2 b + d ) b + d = 2. \frac{\pi}{4} = arctan(\frac{b - d}{\frac{b^{2} - d^{2}}{2}}) = arctan(\frac{2\cdot(b - d)}{(b+d)(b-d)}) = arctan(\frac{2}{b+d}) \Rightarrow b + d = 2. , which now produces:

z 1 = b 2 + 1 2 + b i ; z 2 = ( 2 b ) 2 + 1 2 + ( 2 b ) i . z_1 = \frac{b^{2} + 1}{2} + bi; z_2 = \frac{(2-b)^{2} + 1}{2} + (2 - b)i.

Upon observation,

R e ( z 1 + z 2 ) = b 2 2 b + 3 Re(z_1 + z_2) = b^{2} - 2b + 3 , which only equals 2 for b = 1 b = 1 \Rightarrow choice A is incorrect,

I m ( z 1 + z 2 ) = 2 Im(z_1 + z_2) = 2 \Rightarrow choice B is correct.

Both z 1 , z 2 z_1,z_2 lie on the parabola I m ( z ) 2 = 2 R e ( z ) 1 Im(z)^{2} = 2Re(z) - 1 \Rightarrow choice C is correct.

In order for z 1 , z 2 z_1, z_2 to not exist, we require R e ( z 1 , z 2 ) = I m ( z 1 , z 2 ) = 0 Re(z_1, z_2) = Im(z_1, z_2) = 0 for some real value of b b . This is impossible since R e ( z 1 ) , R e ( z 2 ) > 0 Re(z_1), Re(z_2) > 0 for all b R b \in \mathbb{R} \Rightarrow choice D is incorrect.

Hence, choices B and C are the correct combination.

See you have done a r g ( z 1 z 2 ) arg(z_1 - z_2) .. But in question it is given as a r g ( z 1 + z 2 ) arg(z_1 + z_2)

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 4 months ago

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Strange, it was z1 - z2 yesterday when I worked on it. If it's arg(z1+z2), then the result is z1 = z2 = 1 + i, which makes A, B, and C correct!

tom engelsman - 4 years, 4 months ago

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Ya , thats true

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 4 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Thanks. I looked through the edit log and see that an incorrect edit was made. I have edited the problem.

Calvin Lin Staff - 4 years, 3 months ago

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