If the roots of a polynomial 4 x 3 − 1 2 x 2 + 1 1 x + k form an arithmetic progression for constant k , what is the value of k ?
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Nice use of P ( 1 ) = 0 to quickly determine the value of k .
Bonus question : Would the answer still be the same if the roots form a geometric progression instead? How about a harmonic progression instead?
How did you get the first statement ?
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You mean the sum of the roots one?
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That 3a one ?
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@Rishik Jain – We are given that the roots of the Polynomial are a+d,a and a-d. Adding the 3 roots, we get a-d+a+a+d = 3a.
I hope it helps :D
In reply to challenge master's note: If the roots are in g.p then k can be -1 if roots r not real
We know product of roots=k
a.b.c=k. ........... (i)
For gp; b 2 = a . c
Putting in 1
b 3 = k
Hence k can be -1 if the roots r not real but in HP k can be -1 without any condition.
Let a - d, a and a + d be the roots that forms an A.P. Since the sum of the roots is 3, 3a = 3 or a = 1 (one of the three roots). Just plug in 1 will give us k + 3 or k = -3.
Let the roots of the polynomial be a , b and c and a < b < c . Since they form an arithmetic progression with a common difference of d , then a = b − d and c = b + d .
Now by Vieta's Formulas, we have:
⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ a + b + c = 4 1 2 = 3 a b + b c + c a = 4 1 1 a b c = − 4 k ⇒ b − d + b + b + d = 3 ⇒ 3 b = 3 ⇒ b = 1 ⇒ ( 1 − d ) ( 1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 1 + d ) + ( 1 + d ) ( 1 − d ) = 3 − d 2 = 4 1 1 ⇒ d 2 = 4 1 ⇒ d = ± 2 1 ⇒ a = 2 1 b = 1 c = 2 3 ⇒ 2 1 ˙ 1 ˙ 2 3 = − 4 k ⇒ − 4 k = 4 3 ⇒ k = − 3
Yes, this is a viable approach as well. But you can simplify your work by a little if you follow Mehul Arora's approach.
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Adding the roots of the polynomial, We get a + a + a + d − d = 3 a
Now, From Vieta's Formulas, We know that Sum of roots of the Polynomial = a − b = 4 − ( − 1 2 ) = 3
Therefore 3 a = 3 , a = 1 .
Now since,a=1 is a root of the polynomial, p(1) should be =0
= 3 × 1 − 1 2 × 1 + 1 1 + k = 0
3 + k = 0
k = ( − 3 )
Answer:- − 3
Cheers!