Find the sum of all positive integers n such that n ! + 5 is a perfect cube .
Notation
:
!
denotes the
factorial
notation. For example,
1
0
!
=
1
×
2
×
3
×
⋯
×
1
0
.
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I found the least value for n but was unable to find its maximum value can you please give some more details regarding it.
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For n ≥ 7 n ! + 5 ≡ 5 ( m o d 7 ) .The only residue classes of modulo 7 are ± 1 & 0.
The question is not clear "sum of all positive integers". If possible rephrase the question.
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Can you explain what is unclear in this question?
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Find the positive integers 'n' such that (n! + 5) is a perfect cube. Is sufficient. But, "sum of all positive integers" makes little confusion.
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@Venkatachalam J – I have asked to find the sum all values of n for which n ! + 5 is a perfect cube.
Let n ! + 5 = y 3 for some integers n and y . We can explicitly check the cases when 1 ≤ n ≤ 9 via a calculator which gives a solution ( n , y ) = ( 5 , 5 ) .
When n ! ≥ 1 0 then 2 5 ∣ n ! and so 2 5 ∣ n ! + 5 meaning 2 5 ∣ y 3 . Also, since 5 ∣ n ! + 5 , we must have 5 ∣ y 3 which implies 5 ∣ y and 1 2 5 ∣ y 3 . However this causes a contradiction as now 2 5 ∣ y 3 . Hence there are no solutions for n ≥ 1 0 giving only one of 5 .
We know that a perfect cube is always of the form 9 k + 1 or 9 k − 1
So , if value of n > 5 , then the given no. is of the form 9 k + 5 .
So , testing up the cases till n = 5 yields n = 5 as the only solution.
Suppose for some n ≥ 5 , n ! + 5 is a perfect cube. Then n ! + 5 = 5 ( n − 1 ) ! + 1 So ( n − 1 ) ! + 1 must have a unit digit 5. Or ( n − 1 ) ! must end in 4. This can't happen for n < 4 Thus, n = 5 is the only solution.
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For n = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 we check manually .Where we notice for n = 5 , n ! + 5 is a perfect cube.For n ≥ 7
n ! + 5 ≡ 5 ( m o d 7 ) .Which is not a cubic residue class modulo 7.
Thus the only positive integer with the desired property is n = 5 .
The answer is 5