But There's Infinitely Many Factorials!

Find the sum of all positive integers n n such that n ! + 5 n!+5 is a perfect cube .

Notation :
! ! denotes the factorial notation. For example, 10 ! = 1 × 2 × 3 × × 10 10! = 1\times2\times3\times\cdots\times10 .


The answer is 5.

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4 solutions

Kalpok Guha
Mar 8, 2016

For n = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 n=1,2,3,4,5,6 we check manually .Where we notice for n = 5 n=5 , n ! + 5 n! +5 is a perfect cube.For n 7 n\geq7

n ! + 5 5 ( m o d 7 ) n!+5\equiv5\pmod {7} .Which is not a cubic residue class modulo 7.

Thus the only positive integer with the desired property is n = 5 n=5 .

The answer is 5 \boxed{5}

I found the least value for n but was unable to find its maximum value can you please give some more details regarding it.

Chaitnya Shrivastava - 5 years, 3 months ago

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For n 7 n\geq7 n ! + 5 5 ( m o d 7 ) n!+5\equiv5\pmod {7} .The only residue classes of modulo 7 are ± 1 \pm1 & 0.

Kalpok Guha - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Thank you 😊

Chaitnya Shrivastava - 5 years, 3 months ago

The question is not clear "sum of all positive integers". If possible rephrase the question.

Venkatachalam J - 5 years, 2 months ago

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Can you explain what is unclear in this question?

Kalpok Guha - 5 years, 2 months ago

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Find the positive integers 'n' such that (n! + 5) is a perfect cube. Is sufficient. But, "sum of all positive integers" makes little confusion.

Venkatachalam J - 5 years, 2 months ago

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@Venkatachalam J I have asked to find the sum all values of n n for which n ! + 5 n!+5 is a perfect cube.

Kalpok Guha - 5 years, 2 months ago
Josh Banister
Mar 12, 2016

Let n ! + 5 = y 3 n! + 5 = y^3 for some integers n n and y y . We can explicitly check the cases when 1 n 9 1 \leq n \leq 9 via a calculator which gives a solution ( n , y ) = ( 5 , 5 ) (n,y) = (5,5) .

When n ! 10 n! \geq 10 then 25 n ! 25 | n! and so 25 ∤ n ! + 5 25 \! \not | \> n! + 5 meaning 25 ∤ y 3 25 \! \not | \> y^3 . Also, since 5 n ! + 5 5 | n! + 5 , we must have 5 y 3 5 | y^3 which implies 5 y 5 | y and 125 y 3 125 | y^3 . However this causes a contradiction as now 25 y 3 25 | y^3 . Hence there are no solutions for n 10 n \geq 10 giving only one of 5 5 .

Ankit Kumar Jain
Mar 10, 2016

We know that a perfect cube is always of the form 9 k + 1 9k + 1 or 9 k 1 9k - 1

So , if value of n > 5 n > 5 , then the given no. is of the form 9 k + 5 9k + 5 .

So , testing up the cases till n = 5 yields n = 5 \fbox{n = 5} as the only solution.

Manish Mayank
Mar 17, 2016

Suppose for some n 5 n \geq 5 , n ! + 5 n!+5 is a perfect cube. Then n ! + 5 = 5 ( n 1 ) ! + 1 n!+5=5{(n-1)!+1} So ( n 1 ) ! + 1 (n-1)!+1 must have a unit digit 5. Or ( n 1 ) ! (n-1)! must end in 4. This can't happen for n < 4 n<4 Thus, n = 5 \boxed {n=5} is the only solution.

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