Infinite roots factorials

How many x x satisfy the equation that x ! x ! x ! = x \displaystyle \sqrt { x! \sqrt { x! \sqrt { x! \cdots } } } = x ?

The answer must be a positive integer.


The answer is 2.

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3 solutions

Ethan Mandelez
Mar 30, 2021

Since x = x ! x ! . . . x = \sqrt {x!\sqrt{x!...}}

We can say that

x ! × x = x \sqrt{x! \times x} = x

Squaring both sides gives

x ! x = x 2 x! x = x^{2}

x 2 x ! x = 0 x^{2} - x! x = 0

x ( x x ! ) = 0 x(x - x!) = 0

Either x = 0 x = 0 (1) or x x ! = 0 x - x! = 0 (2).

In case (1) however, the question specifies that the answer must be a positive integer, and 0 0 is neither a positive integer nor a negative integer.

In case (2), we have to solve for x x in the following equation:

x = x ! x = x!

The only possible values of x x are 1 , 2 1, 2 since a factorial is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to the number, and in this question, only x = 1 x=1 or x = 2 x=2 works, since 1 ! = 1 1! = 1 and 2 ! = 2 × 1 = 2 2! = 2 \times 1 = 2 . If x x is greater than 2 2 , then x ! x! will be multiplied by x x and some other number/numbers which doesn't equal to 1 1 , which in turn won't be equal to x x .

Therefore only x = 1 x = 1 and x = 2 x=2 satisfy the equation and conditions above, so the answer is 2 2 .

. .
Feb 25, 2021

Only 1 , 2 1, 2 satisfy the equation, so the answer is 2 2 .

doesn't x = 2 x = 2 work? And i don't think 0 is a positive integer (it is neither positive nor negative) :D

Ethan Mandelez - 2 months, 2 weeks ago

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I cannot sure that 2 2 2 2 2 = 2 \sqrt { 2 \sqrt { 2 \sqrt { 2 \sqrt { 2 \sqrt { 2 \cdots } } } } } = 2 , and but, I will change it.

. . - 2 months, 2 weeks ago

Easy problem 🙂

SRIJAN Singh - 1 week, 5 days ago
Tom Engelsman
Feb 25, 2021

Squaring both sides of this equation yields:

x ! x ! x ! x ! . . . . = x 2 x! \cdot \sqrt{{x!}\sqrt{x!\sqrt{x!}}....} =x^2 ;

or x ! x = x 2 ; x! \cdot x = x^2;

or x 2 ( x 1 ) ! = x 2 ; x^2 \cdot (x-1)! = x^2;

or ( x 1 ) ! = 1 (x-1)! = 1 ;

or x = 1 , 2 . \boxed{x = 1, 2}.

Hence, there are two such solutions for x N . x \in \mathbb{N}.

How to use the symbol which is the shape of capital E?

. . - 3 months, 1 week ago

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If you mean capital letter Sigma........type \Sigma in Latex.

tom engelsman - 3 months, 1 week ago

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I mean the final row, x x E N \displaystyle N .

. . - 3 months ago

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@. . The "in" symbol for sets......that's just "x \in \mathbb{N}" for Latex.

tom engelsman - 3 months ago

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@Tom Engelsman Ok. Thank you.

. . - 3 months ago

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