Infinite sum of reciprocal products

Calculus Level 3

1 4 + 2 4 × 7 + 3 4 × 7 × 10 + 4 4 × 7 × 10 × 13 + = 1 a \frac 14 + \frac 2{4 \times 7} + \frac 3{4 \times 7 \times 10} + \frac 4{4 \times 7 \times 10 \times 13} + \cdots = \frac 1a

Find a a .


Inspiration


The answer is 3.

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2 solutions

The given sum can be written as:

S = 1 4 + 2 4 × 7 + 3 4 × 7 × 10 + 4 4 × 7 × 10 × 13 + = 1 4 + 6 3 × 4 × 7 + 9 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 + 12 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 × 13 + = 1 4 + 7 1 3 × 4 × 7 + 10 1 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 + 13 1 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 × 13 + = 1 4 + 1 3 × 4 1 3 × 4 × 7 + 1 3 × 4 × 7 1 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 + 1 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 1 3 × 4 × 7 × 10 × 13 + = 1 4 + 1 3 × 4 = 1 3 \begin{aligned} S & = \frac 14 + \frac 2{4 \times 7} + \frac 3{4 \times 7 \times 10} + \frac 4{4 \times 7 \times 10 \times 13} + \cdots \\ & = \frac 14 + \frac 6{3 \times 4 \times 7} + \frac 9{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10} + \frac {12}{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10 \times 13} + \cdots \\ & = \frac 14 + \frac {7-1}{3 \times 4 \times 7} + \frac {10-1}{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10} + \frac {13-1}{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10 \times 13} + \cdots \\ & = \frac 14 + \frac 1{3 \times 4} - \cancel{\frac 1{3 \times 4 \times 7}} + \cancel{\frac 1{3 \times 4 \times 7}} - \cancel{\frac 1{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10}} + \cancel{\frac 1{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10}} - \cancel{\frac 1{3 \times 4 \times 7 \times 10 \times 13}} + \cdots \\ & = \frac 14 + \frac 1{3 \times 4} \\ & = \frac 13 \end{aligned}

Hence, a = 3 \boxed{a=3}

I took a look at it. I'm still trying to understand it. But if it's correct, then bravo Sir!!

James Wilson - 3 years, 7 months ago

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Please have a look at the edited solution

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 6 months ago

Nice solution. This is much easier!

James Wilson - 3 years, 6 months ago

Thanks for the nice solution. I have edited it to read better.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 3 years, 6 months ago

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Thank you, everytime I learn a lot from you

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 6 months ago

Please help me with this Note

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 6 months ago
Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 24, 2017

S = lim m n = 1 m n k = 1 n ( 3 k + 1 ) = lim m n = 1 m n 3 n k = 1 n ( k + 1 3 ) = lim m n = 1 m n Γ ( 4 3 ) 3 n Γ ( n + 4 3 ) = lim m 3 m 2 ( 3 m Γ ( 7 3 ) + 4 × 3 m Γ ( m + 7 3 ) 4 Γ ( 7 3 ) ) Γ ( 4 3 ) Γ ( 7 3 ) Γ ( m + 7 3 ) = 4 Γ ( 4 3 ) 9 Γ ( 7 3 ) = 4 Γ ( 4 3 ) 9 × 4 3 Γ ( 4 3 ) = 1 3 \begin{aligned} S & = \lim_{m \to \infty} \sum_{n=1}^m \frac n{\prod_{k=1}^n (3k+1)} \\ & = \lim_{m \to \infty} \sum_{n=1}^m \frac n{3^n \prod_{k=1}^n \left(k+\frac 13\right)} \\ & = \lim_{m \to \infty} \sum_{n=1}^m \frac {n \Gamma \left(\frac 43 \right)}{3^n \Gamma \left(n+\frac 43\right)} \\ & = \lim_{m \to \infty} \frac {3^{-m-2}\left(-3m\Gamma \left(\frac 73 \right)+4 \times 3^m \Gamma \left(m+\frac73 \right) - 4\Gamma \left(\frac 73 \right)\right) \Gamma \left(\frac 43 \right)}{\Gamma \left(\frac 73 \right) \Gamma \left(m+\frac 73 \right)} \\ & = \frac {4\Gamma \left(\frac 43 \right)}{9\Gamma \left(\frac 73 \right)} = \frac {4\Gamma \left(\frac 43 \right)}{9 \times \frac 43 \Gamma \left(\frac 43 \right)} = \frac 13 \end{aligned}

a = 3 \implies a = \boxed{3}

How did you move from the 3rd line to the 4th line?

Pi Han Goh - 3 years, 7 months ago

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I am trying to figure out. It is a solution from Wolfram Alpha. If you can help.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 3 years, 7 months ago

This could be an alternate solution. Please have a look at A Nested Radical it has got a full discussion on the inspiration nested radical and on this infinite series.

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 7 months ago

Please see my solution, the series is telescoping

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 6 months ago

Unreal. Awesome solution! I don't even understand how you got from the 3rd line to the 4th line! I don't think I would have ever figured this out.

James Wilson - 3 years, 7 months ago

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I am trying to figure out. It is a solution from Wolfram Alpha. If you can help.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 3 years, 7 months ago

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I'd be amazed if I could figure that out. But if I do, I'll surely let you know.

James Wilson - 3 years, 7 months ago

Should there be a summation sign at line 4?

James Wilson - 3 years, 7 months ago

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@James Wilson No, I have corrected it. Thanks.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 3 years, 7 months ago

Please see my solution, the series is telescoping

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 6 months ago

Please have a look at A Nested Radical it has got a full discussion on the inspiration nested radical and on this Infinite series

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 7 months ago

What sort of function is that Sir ? , I didn't get all from 3rd line. Same I I did up to second step but couldn't figure out anything else . If we take 1 3 \frac{1}{3} as common factor the we can see the terms are strictly getting towards zero. :)

Naren Bhandari - 3 years, 7 months ago

Please have a look at A Nested Radical it has got a full discussion on the inspiration nested radical and on the infinite series you have formed.

Mrigank Shekhar Pathak - 3 years, 7 months ago

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