We have a semi circle of radius 1 with diameter A B . A line A C is drawn making an angle θ with A B and intersecting the semicircle at C .
Now a circle is drawn such that it touches line A B , A C and the arc B C inside the semicircle.
Let the radius of the circle be r , if r can be written as r = f ( θ ) , find 6 ∫ 0 1 / 2 f ( 2 tan − 1 θ ) d θ .
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ohhhhh gooodd .... I was mislead ... I was assumed that Circle Lies outside the Given Circle , By extending diametre AB and line AC further .... Hence I got different Answer ...
So It should be clearly stated that Circle touches internally to given Circle , Otherwise Answer would be different...
@Ronak Agarwal Please Do something fast...
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You're right. I never thought about that! (In that case, the answer would be 2, I suppose?)
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@Aakarshit Uppal – Yes , it should be , I'am feeling bad that I lost opportunity to gain credits of this Question :'(
Thanks for adding this diagram. :)
@Ronak Agarwal Great question. I think, though, that you may have to specify that the semicircle has radius 1 to get the answer as posted. I initially solved assuming that the radius of the semicircle was some value R , and in the end I obtained the general solution of R .
Really amazing problem ... Ronak !
And Brian Sir Why Radius should be 1 ?? What's wrong in my approach ... ?
If we Let A ( − R , 0 ) & B ( R , 0 ) & Center of given circle is ( 0 , 0 ) , hence It is easy to see that , C ( R cos 2 θ , R sin 2 θ ) again let centre of other circle is D ( a , r ) ... Now circles touches each .. hence
a 2 + r 2 = R + r R = a 2 + r 2 − r ( 1 )
Also drop Perpendicular from D to x-axis , name it as E , then in triangle ADE
a r = tan 2 θ a = r cot 2 θ ( 2 )
Equation of Tangent from A , to the new circle is L : y − tan θ ( x + R ) = 0 ⊥ r f r o m D ( a , r ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 1 + tan 2 θ a − tan θ ( a + R ) ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ = r ( 0 , 0 ) g i v e s + v e s i g n , h e n c e r e m o v e m o d u l u s a s i t i s : R = tan θ a ( 1 − tan θ ) − r sec θ ( 3 ) ( 1 ) & ( 2 ) & ( 3 ) tan θ ( r cot 2 θ ) ( 1 − tan θ ) − r sec θ = r 2 cot 2 ( 2 θ ) + r 2 − r tan θ ( cot 2 θ ) ( 1 − tan θ ) − sec θ = r ( 1 + cot 2 ( 2 θ ) ) − 1 r = f ( θ ) = ⎝ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎛ tan θ ( cot 2 θ ) ( 1 − tan θ ) − sec θ + 1 ⎠ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎞ sin 2 θ
@Brian Charlesworth @Ronak Agarwal
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Please do reply soon Brian Sir and Ronak..
Karan I have mentioned that the radius of semicircle is 1, initially it was not mentioned that was my fault but around an hour ago I have modified it.
Sorry to you too !!!!!
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No no .. I'am saying u should not mentioned R=1 , See I elliminate all varibles , .. So why It should be mentioned that R=1 , And why so I'am getting different answer ??
I mean why ' r ' is independent of radius R ??
Please Do check my Post atleast one-time , I have spent too much time on this problem and Posting mine solution , Please do check it once , don't avoid it bro ... !
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@Karan Shekhawat – I am on mobile hence can't type much but check your equation 1) you forgot to take square root.
For your equation (1) I think that you should have had
a 2 + r 2 = ( R − r ) 2 ⟹ a 2 = R 2 − 2 R r .
Also, from your Δ A D E I believe that you would find that
a + R r = tan ( 2 θ ) .
As R increases, I find that it makes sense that r must increase linearly with R . So when I initially found that R was still around when I found my formula for r = f ( θ ) I assumed that R was equal to 1 and then asked Ronak if this was a valid assumption, which he then verified that it was.
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Actually sir I was mislead , .. I had assumed Circle lie outside the circle ...
And Yes I forget to square....
But still It should be clearly stated ...
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@Karan Shekhawat – Karan think again if the circle would have been touching externally wouldn't I would have written AC and AB produced rather than simply AB and AC , it was implicit that it was internally touching.
Anyways I have mentioned it.
P.S. Report kyun kiya yaar .
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@Ronak Agarwal – I don't think it was implicit as you wrote "... LINE AB, AC and ..." . Lines don't have to produced. They are already there! ;)
@Ronak Agarwal – But bro I'am suffered from it that's why I'am saying ... But thanks for fixing it , Yes I lost oppurtunity to solve this awesome problem , but anyway I'am sorry .. I had deleted it now.. I have reported , So that it will be fixed soon either by you or calvin sir , Since I have heard that your laptop is break , So I guessed you will not using brilliant much ... that's why I.... But sorry ..
Maaf kar do.. :P
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I will assume that the semi-circle has radius 1 . Let O be the center of the semicircle and D be the center of the inscribed circle. Also, let P be the point of tangency of the circle with the diameter A B .
Now let ∣ O P ∣ = x . Then tan ( 2 θ ) = ∣ A P ∣ ∣ D P ∣ = 1 + x r .
Also, from Δ O D P we have, via Pythagoras, that
x 2 = ∣ O D ∣ 2 − ∣ D P ∣ 2 = ( 1 − r ) 2 − r 2 = 1 − 2 r .
Thus tan ( 2 θ ) = 1 + 1 − 2 r r = 2 r r ( 1 − 1 − 2 r ) = 2 1 − 1 − 2 r
⟹ 1 − 2 r = 1 − 4 tan ( 2 θ ) + 4 tan 2 ( 2 θ ) ⟹ r = 2 tan ( 2 θ ) ( 1 − tan ( 2 θ ) ) .
Thus f ( 2 tan − 1 ( θ ) ) = 2 θ ( 1 − θ ) = 2 θ − 2 θ 2 , the integral of which is
θ 2 − 3 2 θ 3 , which when evaluated from 0 to 2 1 is 4 1 − 1 2 1 = 6 1 .
Multiplying this by 6 gives us a final solution of 1 .