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Algebra Level 4

How many 0's are there between the decimal point and the first non-zero digit of ( 1 2 ) 1000 \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{1000} .

Details and Assumptions

  • You may use the fact that log 10 5 0.69897 \log_{10} 5 \approx 0.69897 correct to up 5 decimal places.


The answer is 301.

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4 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Dec 26, 2015

We note that:

\(\begin{array} {} \log_{10} 0.5 & = \log \dfrac{5}{10} & = 0.69897 - 1 & = - \color{blue}{0}.30103 & \Rightarrow \color{blue}{0} \text{ zero} \\ \log 0.05 & = \log \dfrac{5}{100} & = 0.69897 - 2 & = - \color{blue}{1}.30103 & \Rightarrow \color{blue}{1} \text{ zero} \\ \log 0.005 & = \log \dfrac{5}{1000} & = 0.69897 - 3 & = - \color{blue}{2}.30103 & \Rightarrow \color{blue}{2} \text{ zeros} \\ ... & ... & ... & ... & ... \\ \log \left(\dfrac{1}{2} \right)^{1000} & = 1000 \log \dfrac{5}{10} & = 1000(0.69897-1) & = -\color{blue}{301}.03 & \Rightarrow \boxed{\color{blue}{301}} \text{ zeros} \end{array} \)

Kushagra Sahni
Dec 26, 2015

It can be written as (5/10)^1000 which means after the decimal point there are 1000 numbers after the decimal point. 5^1000 has ceiling function of 1000log5 digits=699. So of the 1000 numbers after decimal point, 699 are non-zero and remaining are 0's', so there are 1000-699=301 zeroes between the decimal point and the first non zero digit.

I also did the same way

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 5 months ago

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We both are similar in many ways.

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 5 months ago

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!!!!!!!!!!!

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 5 months ago

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@Dev Sharma Lolololololol.

Kushagra Sahni - 5 years, 5 months ago
First Last
Dec 24, 2015

Given l o g 10 5 = . 69897 log_{10} 5 = .69897 we should rearrange this so it relates to 1/2. 1/2 = .5.

l o g 10 ( 5 / 10 ) = l o g 10 ( . 5 ) = ( l o g 10 5 ) l o g 10 10 = . 69897 1 = . 30103 log_{10} (5 /10) = log_{10} (.5) = (log_{10} 5) - log_{10}10 = .69897 - 1 = -.30103

Plugging back into the original we have: 1 1 0 . 30103 = 1 2 \frac{1}{10^.30103} = \frac{1}{2} .

Raising to the 1000^th: 1 1 0 301.03 = 1 2 1000 \frac{1}{10^{301.03}} = \frac{1}{2^{1000}} .

So now we must realize that 1 1 0 n \frac{1}{10^n} produces \ceil n 1 \ceil{n-1} zeros after the decimal.

1 1 0 301.03 \frac{1}{10^{301.03}} produces \ceil 301.03 1 = 301 \ceil{301.03 - 1} = \boxed{301} zeros after the decimal.

Shaun Leong
Dec 24, 2015

First, we take log in base 10 to find the number of zeroes. log ( 1 2 ) 1000 \log (\frac{1}{2})^{1000} = 1000 log 2 =-1000 \log 2

We can find log 2 \log 2 using the hint given by noting that log 2 = log 2 5 5 = log 10 log 5 0.30103 \log 2 = \log \frac {2*5}{5} = \log 10 - \log 5 \approx 0.30103

1000 log 2 301.03 -1000 \log 2 \approx -301.03 so there are 301 \boxed {301} 0's .

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