Is it a Board Level Problem?!

r = 0 n ( 1 ) r ( n r ) 1 + r log e 10 ( 1 + log e 1 0 n ) r \large \sum_{r=0}^{n} (-1)^r \binom nr \frac {1+r \log_e10}{(1+\log_e10^n)^r}

Find the value of the above expression when n = 100 n = 100 .


The answer is 0.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Nov 15, 2017

We have r = 0 n ( 1 ) r ( n r ) 1 ( 1 + n ln 10 ) r = ( 1 1 1 + n ln 10 ) n = ( n ln 10 1 + n ln 10 ) n \sum_{r=0}^n (-1)^r \binom{n}{r}\frac{1}{(1 + n\ln10)^r} \; =\; \left(1 - \frac{1}{1 + n\ln10}\right)^n \; = \; \left(\frac{n\ln10}{1 + n\ln10}\right)^n while r = 0 n ( 1 ) r ( n r ) r ln 10 ( 1 + n ln 10 ) r = r = 1 n ( 1 ) r n ( n 1 r 1 ) ln 10 ( 1 + n ln 10 ) r = n ln 10 r = 0 n 1 ( 1 ) r 1 ( n 1 r ) 1 ( 1 + n ln 10 ) r + 1 = n ln 10 1 + n ln 10 ( 1 1 1 + n ln 10 ) n 1 = ( n ln 10 1 + n ln 10 ) n \begin{aligned}\sum_{r=0}^n (-1)^r\binom{n}{r} \frac{r \ln10}{(1 + n\ln10)^r} & = \; \sum_{r=1}^n (-1)^r n \binom{n-1}{r-1} \frac{\ln10}{(1 + n\ln10)^r} \; = \; n\ln10\sum_{r=0}^{n-1}(-1)^{r-1}\binom{n-1}{r} \frac{1}{(1 + n\ln10)^{r+1}} \\ & = \; -\frac{n \ln10}{1 + n\ln10} \left(1 - \frac{1}{1 + n\ln10}\right)^{n-1} \; = \; -\left(\frac{n\ln10}{1 + n\ln10}\right)^n \end{aligned} Thus S = 0 S = 0 .

@Md Zuhair Did this question really appear in a board exam???

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 4 months ago

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No . Our maths teacher said so...

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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XD!!! That seems probable.........!! Hey, you gave JEE this year right??? How'd it go???

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Aaghaz Mahajan Ummm thik thak ....

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Kyon??? What is your percentile???

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Aaghaz Mahajan 99.6087939

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Arre!! That's not "thik thak" you know!! Sahi to hai!! Just prepare for Advance now.......Best of Luck for it!! And btw, which other college are you planning on joining?? IISC??

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Aaghaz Mahajan Dekhte hain. Agar IITs me BS MS mil gaya... Toh IISc chor denge... (Although IISc is better in terms of pure science.. but IIT sapna.. hai...) Waise shayad koi bhi na mile (:((()

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Md Zuhair Arre!!! Aise mat bol bro........Agar koi sapna hai, to usse pura kar ke hi choddna......!!! Just puri jaan lagade in do teen mahino mein........!!!

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 4 months ago

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@Aaghaz Mahajan Sahi bola... Let's see..... Beech me boards and JEEM Phase 2 bhi hai...

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

@Aaghaz Mahajan Aur agar koi na mile... Toh NITs/IIITs me CSE try karenge.aur kya...

Md Zuhair - 2 years, 4 months ago

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