Is it geometry II?

Geometry Level 5

Let x x , y y and z z be positive real numbers such that: { x 2 + x y + y 2 = 25 y 2 + y z + z 2 = 144 z 2 + z x + x 2 = 169 \begin{cases} x^2+xy+y^2=25 \\ y^2+yz+z^2=144 \\ z^2+zx+x^2=169 \end{cases} Compute the value of ( x y + y z + z x ) 2 { \left( xy+yz+zx \right) }^2


The answer is 4800.

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1 solution

Adarsh Kumar
May 29, 2015

First of all,we see a striking resemblance between the three equations and the cosine law as there are three square values and tow of them have been multiplied. The cosine law is c 2 = a 2 + b 2 2 a b cos θ c^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\cos\theta ,where θ \theta is the angle opposite to the side c c .Now if we compare the law and the first equation we get that c = 5 , x = a , y = b c=5,x=a,y=b and 2 x y × cos θ = 1 -2xy\times \cos\theta=1 hence cos θ \cos\theta should be 1 2 \dfrac{-1}{2} which means θ = 12 0 \theta=120^{\circ} .Comparing the other two equations also we get three triangles Now,seeing that all three triangles have one angle equal to 12 0 120^{\circ} ,we think that they can be joined at one common vertex,doing so we get a triangle with sides, ( 5 , 12 , 13 ) (5,12,13) which is a right-angled triangle

Now,the area of the big triangle would be 30 unit 2 30 \text{unit}^2 which is equal to the sum of the areas of the three small triangles.Hence,we have from the sine rule that, 30 = 1 2 × sin 12 0 ( x y + y z + z x ) 30=\dfrac{1}{2} \times \sin120^{\circ}(xy+yz+zx) .From here we can easily find the answer. In response to the Challenge Master's Note: Yes,sir the condition"positive" is needed as we have taken them to be sides of the triangle. Cheers!

Moderator note:

Good approach using the geometric interpretation to solve this problem.

Is the condition on "positive real numbers" needed? What happens if we allow for all real numbers instead?

Nice Cheers!!!

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years ago

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Thanks a lot!

Adarsh Kumar - 6 years ago

not sure if I understand the sine rule part. how does that give you the area of the three triangles?

Aren Nercessian - 5 years, 6 months ago

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Do you know Area of Triangles - Sine Rule ?

Calvin Lin Staff - 5 years, 6 months ago

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thanks. i've probably seen it but rarely use it. i didnt remember. so it's kind of like half of the norm of the cross product, if those 2 sides were vectors. makes sense.

Aren Nercessian - 5 years, 6 months ago

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@Aren Nercessian Right, the determinant gives the volume of the cuboid spanned by the vectors. In the case of 2-dimensions, it gives us the parallelogram. The area of the triangle is half of that.

Calvin Lin Staff - 5 years, 6 months ago

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Yes?

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years ago

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No,i just wanted you to see this solution and comment on it.I ticked the box saying 'Do you want a challenge master to see this solution?".

Adarsh Kumar - 6 years ago

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@Adarsh Kumar I get the "member requested for feedback" separately. I respond to it periodically (as opposed to immediately).

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years ago

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@Calvin Lin Oh!Sorry for that sir.I have learnt the lesson.

Adarsh Kumar - 6 years ago

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