Keep it up-2

Algebra Level 5

ψ = 1 n ( x + ψ 1 ) ( x + ψ ) = ϕ \displaystyle \sum_{\psi =1}^n (x+\psi-1)(x+\psi)=\phi

If the equation above has α \alpha and α + 1 \alpha+1 as its roots, then we get the relation between n n and ϕ \phi as below. n 2 = 1 + T ϕ n n^2=1+\dfrac{\mathfrak{\color{#3D99F6}{T}}\phi}{n}

Then find the value of the expression below.

i = T 6 40 i i 4 + 4 \large \sum_{i=\mathfrak{\color{#3D99F6}{\frac{\mathfrak{T}}{6}}}}^{\infty}\dfrac{40i}{i^4+4}

Details

α R and n , T Z , n > 1 \alpha\in \mathbb{R} \text{ and } n,\mathfrak{T}\in\mathbb{Z}, n>1


Inspired by Akshat Sharda.


The answer is 7.

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2 solutions

Rishabh Jain
Mar 10, 2016

Inspiration ψ = 1 n ( x + ψ 1 ) ( x + ψ ) = ϕ \displaystyle \sum_{\psi =1}^n (x+\psi-1)(x+\psi)=\phi = ψ = 1 n ( ψ 2 + ψ ( 2 x 1 ) + ( x 2 x ) ( 1 ) ) ϕ = 0 =\displaystyle\sum_{\psi=1}^n \left(\color{#20A900}{\psi^2}+\color{#D61F06}{\psi}(2x-1)+(x^2-x)(\color{#302B94}{1})\right)-\phi=0 Using ψ = 1 n ψ 2 = n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) 6 , ψ = 1 n ψ = n ( n + 1 ) 2 , ψ = 1 n 1 = n \small{\color{#20A900}{\sum_{\psi=1}^n \psi^2=\dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}}, \color{#D61F06}{\sum_{\psi=1}^n\psi=\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}},\color{#302B94}{\sum_{\psi=1}^n 1=n}} Equation simplifies to :- 3 x 2 + 3 n x + n 2 1 3 ϕ n = 0 3x^2+3nx+n^2-1-\dfrac{3\phi}{n}=0 Since square of difference of roots of this equation is 1 ( ( ( α + 1 ) α ) 2 = 1 2 \because ( (\alpha+1)-\alpha)^2=1^2 ) n 2 4 ( n 2 1 3 ϕ n ) 3 = 1 2 \implies n^2-\dfrac{4(n^2-1-\dfrac{3\phi}n)}{3}=1^2 n 2 = 1 + 12 ϕ n T = 12 \implies n^2=1+\dfrac{12\phi}{n}\implies \mathfrak{T}=12 Summation can be written as: 40 i = 2 i ( i 2 + 2 2 i ) ( i 2 + 2 + 2 i ) 40 \sum_{i=2}^{\infty}\dfrac{i}{(i^2+2-2i)(i^2+2+2i)} = 10 i = 2 ( 1 i 2 + 2 2 i 1 i 2 + 2 + 2 i ) =10\sum_{i=2}^{\infty}\left(\dfrac{1}{i^2+2-2i}-\dfrac{1}{i^2+2+2i}\right) A Telescopic Series \color{forestgreen}{\textbf{A Telescopic Series}} = ( 1 2 1 10 ) + ( 1 5 1 17 ) + ( 1 10 1 26 ) + ( 1 17 1 37 ) =\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\xcancel{\color{skyblue}{\dfrac{1}{10}}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\xcancel{\color{magenta}{\dfrac{1}{17}}}\right)+\left(\xcancel{\color{skyblue}{\dfrac{1}{10}}}-\color{#EC7300}{\dfrac{1}{26}}\right)+ \left(\xcancel{\color{magenta}{\dfrac{1}{17}}}-\color{#D61F06}{\dfrac{1}{37}}\right)\cdots = 10 ( 1 2 + 1 5 ) \Large =10\left(\dfrac 12+\dfrac 15\right) = 7 \huge=\boxed 7

Edited my solution! Thanks :-(

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

Nice change of problem :) Keep it up!!

Ankit Nigam - 5 years, 3 months ago

Same here!


BTW your solns. are really beautiful \color{#EC7300}{\text{beautiful}} ,you should write a note about L A T E X LATEX .

Where did you learn it from?

Mehul Chaturvedi - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Toggle latex !! ;-) - source from I learnt latex .... Still I'm learning to align my solutions properly .... There already exists beautiful notes about how to write in latex!!

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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you live in Ajmer!!

Mehul Chaturvedi - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Mehul Chaturvedi Yes........ You also from MPS!!

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Rishabh Jain Yes!!,can we talk on slack

Mehul Chaturvedi - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Mehul Chaturvedi Surely after my exams are over!! :)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago
Akshat Sharda
Mar 10, 2016

ψ = 1 n ( x + ψ 1 ) ( x + ψ ) = ϕ \displaystyle \sum_{\psi =1}^n (x+\psi-1)(x+\psi)=\phi

By solving the above expression, we'll get,

n x 2 + 2 n ( n + 1 ) 2 x n x + n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) 6 n ( n + 1 ) 2 = ϕ 6 n x 2 + 6 n 2 x + 2 n 3 + n 6 ϕ = 0 nx^2+2\cdot \frac{n(n+1)}{2} x-nx+\frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}-\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=\phi \\ 6nx^2+6n^2x+2n^3+n-6\phi=0


n = 1 + T ϕ n n 3 n = T ϕ n=1+\frac{\mathfrak{T}\phi}{n} \Rightarrow \boxed{n^3-n=\mathfrak{T}\phi}


2 α + 1 = n α = ( n + 1 ) 2 α ( α + 1 ) = 2 n 3 + n 6 ϕ 6 n ( n + 1 ) 2 4 n + 1 2 = 2 n 3 + n 6 ϕ 6 n 3 n ( n + 1 ) 2 6 n ( n + 1 ) = 2 ( 2 n 3 + n 6 ϕ ) 2\alpha+1=-n \Rightarrow \alpha= -\frac{(n+1)}{2} \\ \alpha(\alpha+1)=\frac{2n^3+n-6\phi}{6n} \\ \frac{(n+1)^2}{4}-\frac{n+1}{2}=\frac{2n^3+n-6\phi}{6n} \\ 3n(n+1)^2-6n(n+1)=2(2n^3+n-6\phi)

By solving this, we'll get,

12 ϕ = n 3 n 12\phi = n^3-n

By comparing it with the expression in the box,

12 ϕ = T ϕ 12 = T 12\phi=\mathfrak{T}\phi \Rightarrow 12=\mathfrak{T}

Coming to the next part of the problem,

= 40 i = 2 i i 4 + 4 = 40 i = 2 i ( i 2 + 2 2 i ) ( i 2 + 2 + 2 i ) = 40 4 i = 2 ( 1 i 2 + 2 2 i 1 i 2 + 2 + 2 i ) = 10 ( 1 2 1 10 + 1 5 1 17 + 1 10 1 26 + 1 17 ) = 10 ( 1 2 + 1 5 ) = 10 7 10 = 7 \begin{aligned} & = 40 \displaystyle \sum^{\infty}_{i=2} \frac{i}{i^4+4} \\ & = 40 \displaystyle \sum^{\infty}_{i=2} \frac{i}{(i^2+2-2i)(i^2+2+2i)} \\ & = \frac{40}{4} \displaystyle \sum^{\infty}_{i=2}\left( \frac{1}{i^2+2-2i}-\frac{1}{i^2+2+2i}\right) \\ & = 10 \left( \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{17}+\frac{1}{10}-\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{17}-\ldots \right) \\ & = 10\left( \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{5} \right) =10\cdot \frac{7}{10}=\boxed{7} \end{aligned}

In the fourth step shouldn't it be 3 n x 2 + 3 n 2 x + n 3 n 3 ϕ = 0 3nx^2+3n^2x+n^3-n-3\phi=0 Please can you recheck from 4th to 5th step last time..

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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Oh man! I'm doomed.

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

Thanks for catching error ! I'm now getting it correct. I'll edit my solution.

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

I edited it but your equation is wrong.

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

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There might be many errors since I could not take a good look at my solution so I'll edit them all... Sorry for troubling you at night.....;-) I'll make some formatting also in my solution....

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Rishabh Jain Sorry! For wasting your time! BTW exams finished ?

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Akshat Sharda No next is Maths :-) on 14 ... I'll definitely try to make the third part of the problem series when I'll get time .. This concept can be taken to another level which I'll definitely think in free time. ... BTW thanks for the healthy and patient debate on the problem...;-)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Rishabh Jain All the best !! \text{All the best !!}

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 3 months ago

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@Akshat Sharda Thanks.. Might be you can try this too when you have time..:-)

Rishabh Jain - 5 years, 3 months ago

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