A function f : N → N satisfies f ( x y ) = f ( x ) + f ( y ) , f ( 1 2 ) = 2 4 and f ( 8 ) = 1 5 for all x , y ∈ N .
Find the value of f ( 4 8 ) .
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From f ( x y ) = f ( x ) + f ( y ) and other two conditions, we get
f ( 9 6 ) = f ( 4 8 ) + f ( 2 ) = f ( 1 2 ) + 3 f ( 2 ) = 3 9 . . . . ( 1 )
Which implies
f ( 2 ) = 5 .
Putting this in ( 1 ) , we get
f ( 4 8 ) = 3 9 − 5 = 3 4 .
There are so many chains to reach value of f ( 4 8 ) from given conditions. I have shown one of them.
Other solutions are always welcome.
@Kushagra Sahni , how was your KVPY? How many you did in maths?
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Almost all. Overall it was good except bio.
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How you did the very first one of maths?
Can you send me the NMTC final paper to my email?
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@Priyanshu Mishra – I did not give it because I had my class I don't know why I became so foolish that day. 1st one I will tell u in fiitjee whenever I come to your class. Actually Aaraiv I think solved it so u can ask him but I don't think he had a rigorous proof.
@Priyanshu Mishra did you qualified it?
For completeness, you should show that at least one function exists. Otherwise, the answer could be "does not exist".
f(8)=f(4•4) , f(8)=f(4)+f(4), f(4)=15/2 Similarly f(2)=15/4
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Note that 8 = 4 × 4 , so it is cannot yet be deduced from the condition that f ( 8 ) = f ( 4 ) + f ( 4 ) . In fact, it is not true.
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f ( 8 ) f ( 2 × 4 ) f ( 2 ) + f ( 4 ) f ( 2 ) + f ( 2 × 2 ) f ( 2 ) + f ( 2 ) + f ( 2 ) 3 f ( 2 ) ⟹ f ( 2 ) ⟹ f ( 4 ) = 1 5 = 1 5 = 1 5 = 1 5 = 1 5 = 1 5 = 5 = f ( 2 ) + f ( 2 ) = 1 0
⟹ f ( 4 8 ) = f ( 4 × 1 2 ) = f ( 4 ) + f ( 1 2 ) = 1 0 + 2 4 = 3 4