8 x 3 − 1 5 x 2 + 6 x + 1
Find the local minimum of the expression above.
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@Pi Han Goh , I did not understand "Since 1 is the larger and the double root of this odd-degree polynomial with positive leading coefficient". Can you please explain?
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The polynomial has two roots -1/8 and 1, the latter being a double root. This means that it also has a critical point at x = 1 .
Now if you sketch the graph of this polynomial with a positive leading coefficient, we should expect it to have two x -intercepts, one at x=-1/8, the other at x=1.
Since -1/8 is a single root, then it passes through the axis, since 1 is a double root, it touches the x-axis and changes direction ==> a critical point.
Now can you figure out the polynomial has a local min at x=1, but not local max at x=1?
Let me know if you need more details...
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I think I get the explanation. It seems somewhat similar to Wavy Curve Method in solving inequalities, but I haven't yet studied deeply about graphs of functions, so I don't know the connection.
For the question, I only know that because the second derivative is positive, is there any other method?
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@Vinayak Srivastava – No, that's how I learned about them too "wavy curve" and "second derivative test"
Anything else is basically "ask Desmos to graph it for me".
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@Pi Han Goh – LOL Thanks for the explanation!
Let f ( x ) = 8 x 3 − 1 5 x 2 + 6 x + 1 . f ( x ) has a local minimum, when f ′ ( x ) = 0 and f ′ ′ ( x ) > 0 .
f ( x ) f ′ ( x ) = 8 x 3 − 1 5 x 2 + 6 x + 1 = 2 4 x 2 − 3 0 x + 6
Putting f ′ ( x ) = 0 , we have:
2 4 x 2 − 3 0 x + 6 4 x 2 − 5 x + 1 ( 4 x − 1 ) ( x − 1 ) = 0 = 0 = 0
⟹ ⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎧ f ′ ( 4 1 ) = 0 , f ′ ( 1 ) = 0 , f ′ ′ ( 4 1 ) = 4 8 x − 3 0 ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = 4 1 < 0 f ′ ′ ( 1 ) = 1 8 > 0 ⟹ f ( 4 1 ) is a maximum. ⟹ f ( 1 ) = 0 is a minimum.
I think the minimum of x 3 8 − x 2 1 5 + x 6 + 1 is asked. Differentiating this expression w. r. t. x , equating to zero and solving we get x = 1 , 4 . At x = 4 , the expression is maximum, while at x = 1 , it is minimum. The minimum value is 8 − 1 5 + 6 + 1 = 0 .
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By rational root theorem , the polynomial can be factorized as ( 8 x + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) 2 . Since 1 is the larger and the double root of this odd-degree polynomial with positive leading coefficient, then the local minimum occurs when x = 1 . And so the answer is 8 ⋅ 1 3 − 1 5 ⋅ 1 2 + 6 ⋅ 1 + 1 = 0 .