If x , y and z are positive real numbers such that x + y + z = 5 and x y + y z + z x = 3 , then what is the largest possible value of x ?
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Nice solution. This problem also appears here , by the way.
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Also, I believe you must check to make sure x = 3 1 3 is achievable.
Thanks for showing me a calculus solution.
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Not a problem, my good Sir.
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@James Wilson – Please don't call me a sir as I am only 16 years old!
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@Vilakshan Gupta – I didn't look at your age to be honest. Your skills are very impressive for your age. I hope it serves you well.
Here, x+y+z=5; xy+yz+zx=3; x^2+ y^2+z^2=(x+y+z)^2-2(xy+yz+zz)=25-6=19; x(y+z)+zx=3; Applying AM-GM x(y+z)+(z^2+y^2)/2≥3; 2x(5-x)+(19-x^2)≥6; -3x^2+10x+19-6≥0; 3x^2-10x-13≥0; (3x-13)(x+1)≥0; -1≤x≤13/3; Therefore maximum value for x is 13/3; which is achievable as putting this value is the set of equation will yield positive value for both Z and Y
Hi, Pavneet. I was just looking at your solution, and I just wanted to comment on your application of the AM-GM inequality. It shows x ≤ 3 1 3 , but it does not show x = 3 1 3 is the maximum. In order to do that, you simply need to show that the value is achievable using y = z = 3 1 . Cheers, James.
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Thankyou.,answer edited.
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From the identity ( x + y + z ) 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2 ( x y + y z + z x ) , and substituting the values given , we get x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 9 ⟹ y 2 + z 2 = 1 9 − x 2 A l s o , y + z = 5 − x From Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality , y 2 + z 2 ≥ 2 1 ( y + z ) 2 Putting the values of y 2 + z 2 and y + z , we get: 1 9 − x 2 ≥ 2 1 ( 5 − x ) 2 On simplifying we are left with 3 x 2 − 1 0 x − 1 3 ≤ 0 which implies ( 3 x − 1 3 ) ( x + 1 ) ≤ 0 yielding maximum value as 3 1 3 ≈ 4 . 3 3
Note that for showing that the value is achievable, we substitute x = 3 1 3 from which we get that y = z = 3 1 . Hence it is indeed achievable.