2017 identical metallic plates (initially uncharged), each having area of cross section A , are each separated by a distance of d , as shown in the figure above.
Plates 2 and 2016 are given charges 2 Q and Q , respectively. Plates 1 and 2017 are both earthed via a very thin conducting wire.
If the potential difference between plates 1728 and 1729 is of the form b A ϵ 0 a Q d , where a and b are coprime positive integers, then submit your answer as a + b .
Details and Assumptions:
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Why do the plates 3, 4, 5, ... 2014, 2015 not make any difference? Can we ignore any neutral disconnected conductors in the system?
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All the intervening plates will have charges of ± α Q on their two sides, and so the potential difference across each is A ε 0 α Q d . There are 2 0 1 4 of these, which contribute the same potential difference as a single capacitor with charges ± α Q and gap D = 2 0 1 4 d .
Can we take all the 2016 capacitors in series as they are connected end to end?
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You can regard each middle plate as two separate plates joined by a wire, so this can be seen as a sequence of capacitors in series, one for each gap.
Did you know that the fraction alpha was the same for bath ending plates by the simmetry of the configuration?
Thank you for the solution. Could you explain me in a larger sentence why you can ignore the plates which aren't the four you mentioned?
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The charges on the opposing plates of a capacitor are always of the form ± q .
See below for why the other plates can be ignored.
I don't think that 2014 plates in between the shown 4 shows are ignored, they are just not drawn as one can not draw all the 2017 plates. These plates are behaving in exactly the same manner. Each of these plates has charge − α Q on their left face and + α Q on their right face. The potential drop between any two consecutive plates is also same V = A ϵ 0 α Q d .
So instead of plates 1728 and 1729, had the question asked the potential difference between any two consecutive plates (say 1000 and 1001), the answer would have been same.
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Since the extra plates are insulated and uncharged, and located at equipotentials of the system without those plates, they contribute nothing to the problem, and can indeed be ignored.
Thank you, and thanks to @Mark Hennings too, I didn't read the solution carefully until now because I just wanted a sketch to try to solve the problem again on my own.
Why are the left side of the leftmost plate and right side of the rightmost plate marked with no charge? Don't they have charge?
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They are marked with charge, but with zero potential.
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The charge on right side of leftmost plate is -(2 - α)Q. What is the charge on its left side?
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@Shashank Balaji – It is irrelevant, since we don’t need to know the charge on the earth.
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The effect of the plates numbered 3 to 2 0 1 5 is negligible, and the system can be regarded as one consisting of four plates, with the outside two earthed, and the middle two carrying charges of 2 Q and Q respectively. The distances between successive plates are then d , D = 2 0 1 4 d and d . There must be charges of − ( 2 − α ) Q , ( 2 − α ) Q , α Q , − α Q , ( 1 + α ) Q and − ( 1 + α ) Q on the RHS of plate 1, the LHS of plate 2, the RHS of plate 2, the LHS of plate 2016, the RHS of plate 2016 and the LHS of plate 2017 respectively.
If the potentials at plates 1,2,2016,2017 are 0 , V , W , and 0 respectively, then V = A ε 0 ( 2 − α ) Q d V − W = A ε 0 α Q D W = A ε 0 ( 1 + α ) Q d and hence α = D + 2 d d . Moreover V = A ε 0 ( D + 2 d ) ( 2 D + 3 d ) d Q W = A ε 0 ( D + 2 d ) ( D + 3 d ) d Q With or without the plates 3 to 2015, the potential between plates 2 and 2016 varies linearly between the two plates, and so the potential at plate j ( 2 ≤ j ≤ 2 0 1 6 ) is V j = V + D ( j − 2 ) d ( W − V ) = 2 0 1 6 A ε 0 Q d ( 4 0 3 3 − j ) and so the potential difference between successive plates (such as plates 1728 and 1729) is A ε 0 ( D + 2 d ) Q d 2 = 2 0 1 6 A ε 0 Q d , making the answer 1 + 2 0 1 6 = 2 0 1 7 .