Moving Plates Capacitor!

Two identical capacitors having plate separation 1 mm 1 \text{ mm} are connected parallel to each other across points A A & B B as shown in figure. Total charge of 4 μ C 4 \mu C is imparted to the system by connecting a battery across A A & B B and battery is removed. Now first plate of first capacitor and second plate of second capacitor starts moving with constant velocity u 0 = 3 m/s u_0=3 \text{ m/s} towards left. Find the magnitude of current (in mA \text{mA} ) flowing in the loop initially.


The answer is 6.

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3 solutions

Nishu Sharma
May 12, 2015

Nice Problem , however pretty simple as well ! I see you are contunisly posting beautiful physics problems , I appreciate you for this . Keep Posting more !

Let at t = t t=t , x = v t x=vt distance is moved by both plates , hence sepration b/w plates is increasing , and other has decresing , But potential diff is same on both capacitor , So charge will flow from higher capcitance plate( 2 - plate ) to lower capicatance plate (1-plate) .

So we just equate pot. diff of both plates :

V 1 = V 2 q 1 / C 1 = \sfrac q 2 C 2 ( 2 Q o q ) ( d + x ) = ( 2 Q o + q ) ( d x ) . . . ( : Q o = 1 μ C ) 2 Q o q 2 Q o + q = d x d + x A p p l y c o m p . a n d d i v d e n d o : q 2 Q o = x d q = ( 2 Q o d ) x I = d q d t = ( 2 Q o d u o ) = 6 m A A n s . \displaystyle{{ V }_{ 1 }={ V }_{ 2 }\\ { { q }_{ 1 } }/{ { C }_{ 1 } }=\sfrac { { q }_{ 2 } }{ { C }_{ 2 } } \\ (2{ Q }_{ o }-q)(d+x)=(2{ Q }_{ o }+q)(d-x)\quad ...\quad \quad (:{ Q }_{ o }=1\mu C\quad )\\ \cfrac { 2{ Q }_{ o }-q }{ 2{ Q }_{ o }+q } =\cfrac { d-x }{ d+x } \\ Apply\quad comp.\quad and\quad divdendo:\\ \cfrac { -q }{ 2{ Q }_{ o } } =\cfrac { -x }{ d } \\ q=\left( \cfrac { 2{ Q }_{ o } }{ d } \right) x\\ I=\cfrac { dq }{ dt } =\left( \cfrac { 2{ Q }_{ o } }{ d } { u }_{ o } \right) =6mA\\ Ans.}

correct, did the same way!

( T h a n k y o u f o r y o u r a p p r e c i a t i o n ! ) (Thank~you~for~your~appreciation!)

Nishant Rai - 6 years, 1 month ago

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ur welcome .

Btw , are you in collage ?

Nishu sharma - 6 years, 1 month ago

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have dropped a year, preparing for JEE Advanced! ¨ \huge\ddot\smile

Nishant Rai - 6 years, 1 month ago

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@Nishant Rai Best of luck for advance :) , I 'am too preparing for JEE 2015 Btw , if you don't mind , would you like to tell your mains marks ?

Nishu sharma - 6 years, 1 month ago

Can be generalised for any time Charge on C2 is QC2/C1+C2 There fore dq/dt = dQ (d1/d1+d2)/dt Whwre d1 and d2 are separation at time t Differentiating using quotient rule we get i at any time t I missed the ans by factor of 2 (calculation mistake)

Ace Pilot - 5 years, 9 months ago
Jafar Badour
Jun 4, 2015

q = C U q=CU so d q d t = U o d C d t \frac{dq}{dt}=Uo \frac{dC}{dt} we all know that C = ϵ A d C=\epsilon\frac{A}{d} that yields i = ϵ A d 2 U o i=-\epsilon\frac{A}{d^2}Uo then i = ϵ A d U o d i=-\epsilon\frac{A}{d}\frac{Uo}{d} then i = C U o d i=-C\frac{Uo}{d} that yields i = Q o d i=-\frac{Qo}{d} because Q o = C U o Qo=CUo please note that this is half of the charge in the circuit ,finaly we need the absolute value of the current then i = 3 2 μ 1 0 3 |i|=|-\frac{3*2\mu}{10^-3}| i = 6 μ 1 0 3 = 6 m A |i|=|-\frac{6\mu}{10^-3}| = 6mA

Hey bro, gud to see guys r studying in war torn syria

Ace Pilot - 5 years, 9 months ago

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Syria is a huge country there is War areas and safe areas so Its normal to study in those areas

jafar badour - 5 years, 8 months ago
Nishant Rai
May 12, 2015

This came in Allen Online TEst Series, right?

Vishwak Srinivasan - 6 years, 1 month ago

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i think yes. one of my friend showed me this problem.

Nishant Rai - 6 years, 1 month ago

Initially, each capacitor obtained charge of 2 μ \mu C respectively with connected plates of equal voltage.

C V = Q

ϵ 0 \epsilon _0 A ( V 1 0.001 + V 2 0.001 ) = 4 × 1 0 6 (\frac{V_1}{0.001} + \frac{V_2}{0.001}) = 4 \times 10^{-6}

As V 1 = V 2 = V , V_1 = V_2 = V,

ϵ 0 \epsilon _0 A 2 V 0.001 = 4 × 1 0 6 \frac{2 V}{0.001} = 4 \times 10^{-6}

ϵ 0 \epsilon _0 A V V = 2 × 1 0 9 2 \times 10^{-9} = Constant {A fact for unchanged total charges.}

It follows that

ϵ 0 \epsilon _0 A V 1 x 1 = Q 1 \frac{V_1}{x_1} = Q_1 and ϵ 0 \epsilon _0 A V 2 x 2 = Q 2 \frac{V_2}{x_2} = Q_2

Q 1 x 1 = Q 2 x 2 = ϵ 0 A V = 2 × 1 0 9 \implies Q_1 x_1 = Q_2 x_2 = \epsilon _0 A V = 2 \times 10^{-9}

Q x = 2 × 1 0 9 \implies Q x = 2 \times 10^{-9}

Q d x d t + d Q d t x = 0 \implies Q \dfrac{d x}{d t} + \dfrac{d Q}{d t} x = 0

I = d Q d t \frac{d Q}{d t} = Q x d x d t - \frac{Q}{x} \frac{d x}{d t} = - 2 × 1 0 6 1 × 1 0 3 × 3 = 6 × 1 0 3 \frac{2 \times 10^{-6}}{1 \times 10^{-3}} \times 3 = - 6 \times 10^{-3}

| I | = 6 m A

On negative side, electrons flow from separating plates onto closing plates to add up negative strength; on positive side, electrons flow from closing plates onto separating plates to deduct away positive strength. The current is therefore one directional. Voltage onto both capacitors are equal through out the process and total charges are constant. It is d V d t = 0 \frac{d V}{d t} = 0 at least at t = 0 that makes a simpler calculation allowed.

Answer: 6 \boxed{6}

Lu Chee Ket - 5 years, 5 months ago

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