No. 1!

Algebra Level 5

Let z z be a complex number satisfying:

z = z + 1 = 1 \color{#69047E}{\huge{|z|=|z+1|=1}}

Also,

z n = ( z + 1 ) n \color{#20A900}{\huge{z^{n}=(z+1)^{n}}} where n \color{#3D99F6}{n} is a positive integer.

Find the minimum value of n \color{#D61F06}{n} .


The answer is 6.

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3 solutions

Rishi Sharma
Jan 21, 2015

L e t z = a + ι b z = a 2 + b 2 ( 1 ) z + 1 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 a + 1 ( 2 ) S o l v i n g ( 1 ) = 1 & ( 2 ) = 1 w e g e t t h a t a = 1 2 & b = 3 2 s o z = 1 2 + ι 3 2 i . e z = ω o r z = e ι 2 π / 3 a n d z = ω + 1 o r z = e ι π / 3 U s i n g t h e p r o p e r t i e s o f ω o r f i n d i n g t h e v a l u e o f n s u c h t h a t ι 2 π 3 = ι π 3 w e g e t n = 6 Let\quad z=a+\iota b\\ \left| z \right| =\sqrt { { a }^{ 2 }+{ b }^{ 2 } } -(1)\\ \left| z+1 \right| =\sqrt { { a }^{ 2 }+{ b }^{ 2 }+2a+1 } -(2)\\ Solving\quad (1)=1\quad \& \quad (2)=1\\ we\quad get\quad that\quad a=-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \quad \& \quad b=\frac { \sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } \\ so\quad z=-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } +\iota \frac { \sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } \\ i.e\quad z=\omega \quad or\quad z={ e }^{ \iota 2\pi /3 }\quad and\quad z=\omega +1or\quad z={ e }^{ \iota \pi /3 }\\ Using\quad the\quad properties\quad of\quad \omega \quad or\quad finding\quad the\\ value\quad of\quad n\quad such\quad that\quad \iota \frac { 2\pi }{ 3 } =\iota \frac { \pi }{ 3 } \\ we\quad get\quad \boxed{n=6}

Good but lengthy to solve 1 and 2.Rather, I found the intersection of two circles
z + 1 = 1 a n d z = 1 \left| z+1 \right| =1\quad and\quad \left| z \right| =1 .For the rest I did the same.

mudit bansal - 6 years, 4 months ago

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i know it's lengthy but i always prefer to solve complex number questions by assuming a+ib.

Rishi Sharma - 6 years, 4 months ago

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OK! But geomatrical interpretations make complex easier.Have it your way

mudit bansal - 6 years, 4 months ago

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@Mudit Bansal exactly!!! This is what one needs to master in complex numbers

Mayank Singh - 6 years, 2 months ago

why not 3 as w^3=(w^2)^3 z is w and z+1 is w ^2

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 9 months ago
Anil Kumar Alanka
Jan 21, 2015

Clearly one of the solutions for z is ω, others being it's exponents . And the second equation only suggests that difference between the arguments of numbers on either side is 360°. 60*n = 360 implies, n = 6

Rushikesh Joshi
Jan 19, 2015

The solution is w and w^2. (w is omega). As 1+w=-w^2, So w^n=(-w^2)^n. So minimum value of n is 6.

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