The figure above is drawn on a square grid as shown.
Find the marked angle in degrees.
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Label the vertices as shown above.
Observe that
A
E
⊥
B
F
(which can be shown by calculating the product of their tangents)
Since
∠
E
G
F
=
9
0
∘
and
∠
E
C
F
=
9
0
∘
, thus
∠
E
G
F
+
∠
E
C
F
=
1
8
0
∘
so
E
C
F
G
is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Thus,
∠
E
G
C
=
∠
E
F
C
. Since
E
C
F
is an isosceles right triangle, thus
∠
E
F
C
=
4
5
∘
.
Nocturne No.3 Commentary
Notice how a line segment is added to form two right triangles.
The diameter of every right triangle's circumcircle is its hypotenuse. (converse of Thales' theorem )
Since the two right triangles share the same hypotenuse, they share the same circumcircle.
<OR since the opposite angles of the quadrilateral composed of the two right triangles are supplementary i.e. add up to 180 degrees, the vertices of the right triangles are concyclic .>
The required angle can then easily be found via angles in the same segment (angles subtended by the same segment are the same).
Great problem! Could you add more details to your solution so that it's easier for someone to follow it? Thanks.
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Sure thing. I'll add intermediate logical steps and add wiki links to some harder vocabulary.
Is it just me or is there no wiki article on 'Angles in the Same Segment' or the like :)
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Here you go: circles - inscribed angles .
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@Calvin Lin – Awesome! I'll just link that in there as well.
Let ∠ A F E = θ and note that tan θ = 2 1 . Since F A = 1 , then B E = F A sin θ = 5 1 . A B = B E sin θ = 5 1 and A E = B E cos θ = 5 2
Now, we have:
∠ B E C = ∠ B E D − ∠ C E D = tan − 1 A B A E − tan − 1 E D C D = tan − 1 5 1 5 2 − tan − 1 1 + 5 1 5 2 = tan − 1 2 − tan − 1 3 1 = tan − 1 1 + 3 2 2 − 3 1 = tan − 1 1 = 4 5 ∘
A solution without utilising the cyclic quadrilateral :)
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