Pi Function

Algebra Level 4

n = 2 n 3 1 n 3 + 1 \large \prod \limits_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{n^3-1}{n^3+1}

If the closed form of the product above is of the form a b \dfrac{a}{b} , where a a and b b are coprime positive integers, find a + b a+b .


The answer is 5.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
May 28, 2017

P = n = 2 n 3 1 n 3 + 1 = n = 2 ( n 1 ) ( n 2 + n + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( n 2 n + 1 ) = n = 2 n 1 n + 1 ( n + 1 ) 2 ( n + 1 ) + 1 n 2 n + 1 = n = 1 n n = 3 n n = 3 ( n 2 n + 1 ) n = 2 ( n 2 n + 1 ) = 1 2 n = 3 n n = 3 n n = 3 ( n 2 n + 1 ) ( 2 2 2 + 1 ) n = 3 ( n 2 n + 1 ) = 2 3 \begin{aligned} P & = \prod_{n=2}^\infty \frac {n^3-1}{n^3+1} \\ & = \prod_{n=2}^\infty \frac {(n-1)({\color{#3D99F6}n^2+n+1})}{(n+1)(n^2-n+1)} \\ & = \prod_{n=2}^\infty \frac {n-1}{n+1} \cdot \frac {\color{#3D99F6}(n+1)^2-(n+1)+1}{n^2-n+1} \\ & = \frac {\prod_{n=1}^\infty n}{\prod_{n=3}^\infty n} \cdot \frac {\prod_{n=3}^\infty (n^2-n+1)}{\prod_{n=2}^\infty (n^2-n+1)} \\ & = \frac {1\cdot 2 \cdot \prod_{n=3}^\infty n}{\prod_{n=3}^\infty n} \cdot \frac {\prod_{n=3}^\infty (n^2-n+1)}{(2^2-2+1) \prod_{n=3}^\infty (n^2-n+1)} \\ & = \frac 23 \end{aligned}

a + b = 2 + 3 = 5 \implies a+b= 2+3 = \boxed{5}

CAN YOU PLEASE EXPLAIN ME THE MEANING OF PROD SIGN. I AM A BIT CONFUSED

Nikhil Raj - 4 years ago

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Please don't write in all caps. It is equivalent to shouting in speaking and hence rude. k = 1 n k = 1 × 2 × 3 × . . . ( n 2 ) × ( n 1 ) × n \prod_{k=1}^n k = 1 \times 2 \times 3 \times ... (n-2) \times (n-1) \times n

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago

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Thanks for your reply. Sorry from my side. I wasn't aware of the fact that writing in capital letter is rude. I am very, very sorry to you. Also, thanks for replying me. I hope you aren't angry and will help in my future problems.

Nikhil Raj - 4 years ago

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@Nikhil Raj No, I am fine.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago

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@Chew-Seong Cheong thank you.

Nikhil Raj - 4 years ago

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